S April, 1908.] 



Diseases of Farm Animals. 



199 



influence of continued collar-pressure, until it reaches to a size which 

 ■effectively interferes with proper collar-work. When hard the tumor may 

 be the size of an emu's egg, but if softer it is generally larger. In either 

 case the enlargement is usually circumscribed — not diffuse. 



Treatment. — Blistering and setons are never of the slightest use. The 

 only remedy is the removal of the tumor bodily with the knife. The 

 operation is best performed with the animal in the standing posture — 

 secured and fixed in a trevis or crush — because then the course of the 

 carotid artery and other important structures can be best defined and acci- 

 dental severance of them avoided. The primary incision should be a bold 

 one from above downwards and 'extending right through the tumor to 

 the healthy tissue beneath — siplitting it into two halves as it were. Each 

 half may then be dissected from the underlying tissues and from the skin 

 and removed. The resulting wound or cavitv will gape considerablv but 

 should not be stitched. It should be treated as a common wound with dry 

 dressings (page 156), and occasionally svringed with a wound lotion. 



Capped Elbow. 



This very common and unsightly condition seldom causes lameness but 

 it is nevertheless an unsoundness which seriously deteriorates the market 

 value of the animal and on that account, as well as because it is a condi- 

 tion diflficult to cure, its presence is one of rather serious importance to the 

 owner. 



Fig. 19. Capped Elbow. (After 

 Dollar.) 



Fi^ 



20. Capped Knee. 

 Dollar.) 



(After 



Capped elbow is the result of an injury sustained to the point of the 

 elbow (olecranon) whereby the tissues beneath the skin become inflamed and 

 infiltrated with fluid, giving rise to a swelling which varies much in size, 



