lo Oct., 1908.] 



Viticulture in Europe. 



^8: 



side, of a design I had not previously seen — ^something after 

 the style of a Chilian mill for rriishio-j; olives-, or a butter 



RECEIVING ROOM, ELEVATOR AND GRAPE CRUSHERS. 



washer. Very complete crushing of the grapes is a condition which is 

 always aimed at in Spanish wineries. From these a second elevator takes 

 the crushed mass to a continuous press of peculiar design formed of two 

 rotating plates of special shape which laminate the crushed grapes and 



WATER COOLER AT MANZANARES. 



deprive them of the greater part of their juice. From this press the marc 

 goes on to a series of hydraulic presses, working at a pressure of 250 

 atmospheres (3,750 lbs. to the square inch) where practically all the juice is 

 extracted from it. Such is the treatment of the grapes for the making of 



