3(56 Cheinistry of Anthocyaii Pigments in Plants 



It will bo noticed that all these are derivatives of flavonol VI and 

 thus tar no anthocyans corresponding to flavone itself VII have been 



C-OH 



c 



II 

 o 



VI. 



II 

 o 



VII. 



C— H 



obtained from natural sources. As the pi-esent author has already 

 pointed out in previous publications, in that flavones occur naturally 

 and on reduction yield red pigments, doubtless anthocyans related to 

 flavones will be found as the result of further investigation of the 

 naturally occurring pigments. 



The anthocyan pigments thus far isolated in a chemically plire and 

 crystalline condition, and whose structures have now been definitely 

 established, are : 



(1) Cyanin, obtained from the corn-flower, and identical with that 

 obtained from the rose (gallica). A glucoside which on hydrolysis 

 yields the non-glucoside pigment cyanidin and two molecules of 

 glucose. 



(2) Pigment of the cranberry, a mono-saccharide of cyanidin, wiiich 

 on hydrolysis yields cyanidin and one molecule of galactose. 



(3) Pelargonin, obtained froin Pelargonium zonale, yields on 

 hydrolysis pelargonidin and two molecules of glucose. 



(4) Oenin, from deep-coloured wine grapes, gives oenidin and one 

 molecule of glucose. 



(.5) Delphinin, from larkspur (pur])lt'), yields delphinidin, two 

 molecules of glucose and two molecules of ^j-oxybenzoic acid. 



(6) Myrtillin, from bilberry, gives myrtillidin and one molecule of 

 glucose. 



(7) Pigments from two types of hollyhock, one of which j-iolds one 

 miilecule, the other two molecules of glucose and the non-glucoside 

 pigment myrtillidin. 



The chemical investigatinns above mentioned having established 

 the relationship which the anthocyans bear to the flavone derivatives, 

 the fact that the distribution of oxidases and pei'oxidases in the plant 

 in many cases coincides with the ilistribution of the anthocyan pigments 



