110 JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY [Vol. 14 



1917 H. H. & E. R. Root. Garden truck greenhouse. Largest glass building in 

 America 600 feet long, 60 feet wide, and 30 feet high. No matings from 24 

 queens. 



1917 H. H. Sz E. R. Root. "As a final word we give it as our opinion that while 

 this experiment is not absolutely conclusive yet we feel that if mating under 

 cover is ever accomplished the percentage of mating may be so low that the 

 success will be interesting more from a scientific than from a practical viewpoint. 

 In other words, while the queens and drones may fly naturally in a great enclosure 

 like the greenhouse in which this experiment was tried, yet conditions never- 

 theless are not normal, as they are out of doors, and any possible successful 

 matings will doubtless be hmited. Yet having said this we are not quite prepared 

 to add that this cannot be done. We may try the experiment again — -indeed 

 we are likely to try it again." Gleanings in Bee Culture, Vol. 45, No. 1, to 7; 

 January- July, 1917. 



1918 L. V. France. Round canvass tent, double walls, 4 feet in diameter, 7 feet 

 high at peak with about 8 inches space between the canvas walls. A nucleus, 

 containing workers, drones and a five day old virgin queen was placed in the tent 

 and observations taken. No natural, mating flights occurred. The Virgin 

 appeared to fly naturally in the tent, returning unaided to the hive, when 

 removed from the nucleus and thrown into the air. The drones appeared to fly 

 naturally, more so at first than after several days confinement in the tent. 

 The queen failed to mate. Temperature ranged from 64 degrees F. to 92 degrees 

 F. Science n. s. Vol. 49. No. 1255, January 17, 1919. 



1920 Geo. H. Bishop. Two methods used as in the past. 



1. "Queen and drone held in juxtaposition and the extension of the drone's organs 

 brought about by pressure on the abdomen." 



2. "The seminal fluid of the drone was dissected out and injected with a pipette 

 into the organ of the queen." No successful matings. Jour. Exp. Zool. 31; 

 No. 2; Aug. 20, 1920, pages 225-266; 267-286. 



1920 F. W. L. Sladen. Mating queens successfully with selected drones on Duck 

 Island, Lake Ontario. Gleanings in Bee Culture, 48; 80-82, 717-718, 1920. 



Chairman Paddock: The next paper is by Dr. J. H. MerriU. Dr. 

 Tanquary will read the paper. 



FURTHER NOTES ON THE VALUE OF WINTER PROTECTION 



FOR BEES' 



By J. H. Merrill, Apiarist 



Kansas State Agricultural College and E.xperiment .Station 



For the past three years an experiment has been carried on at the 

 Kansas State Agrictiltural College to determine the best method of 

 wintering bees. The results of the first two years' work were published 



'Contribution No. 61, from the Entomological Laboratory, Kansas vState Agri- 

 cultural College. This paper embodies some of the results obtained in the prosecu- 

 tion of project No. 126 of the Agricultural Exj)eriment Station. 



