April, '21] marlatt: federal horticultural board work 167 



permits, but with respect to such plants we have issued permits for some 

 fifteen million during the eighteen months of the quarantine. Those 

 opposing the quarantine say that we have created a Chinese wall and 

 this is going to be a desert countr}^ so far as new plants are concerned, 

 but over fifteen million of those plants have been authorized entry. 

 We have a well-equipped inspection force of entomologists and patholo- 

 gists at Washington, but we have not had funds to estabHsh similar forces 

 at other ports of entry. We have, however, provided for inspection 

 at San Francisco to avoid the necessity of having shipments cross the 

 Continent and back again, where the plants are to find their final lodg- 

 ment in some Western State. 



This Port Inspection Service is one of the big things that the Board is 

 developing, and it is under the direction of one of our most efficient men 

 — Mr. Sasscer — who is one of your officers and who will probably tell 

 you something more about it later. 



The new quarantines during the year — I see a list of some nine here — 

 show some activity in the line of placing further restrictions on entry or 

 movements of plants and plant products. In addition to these, two or 

 three others have been prepared but have not yet been issued. 



I will simply read the list to give you an idea of the additions during 

 this year. 



Foreign quarantines include the flag smut and take-all quarantine on 

 account of which the importation of grains is restricted. 



The Mexican corn quarantine is to prevent the entry from Mexico of 

 cotton seed and the pink bollworm with corn. 



The European corn borer quarantine is one which you are familiar with. 

 It may, however, be of interest to you to know that we have had to 

 amend that quarantine to include brooms — manufactured brooms. 

 Certain shipments of corn brooms from Italy when examined were found 

 to contain whole stems of broom corn in the filling of these brooms. 

 It was perfectly patent that it was possible to have insect pests come 

 into this country through the agency of such manufactured brooms. 

 These brooms were held up and after trying various other methods 

 they were steamed. I may interject here that heat beats all other 

 disinfectants. When you cook a worm once it is dead ; you don't have 

 to wonder whether the "insecticide" was strong enough or not! 



The domestic quarantine on account of the European corn borer was 

 revised to cover the extension of this pest determined in Massachusetts. 

 New York, and Pennsylvania. 



The Japanese beetle quarantine has been enlarged. 



In the case of the moth quarantine, the brown-tail moth has been 

 killed out by various agencies as indicated by Mr. Eurgess, and we 

 were actually able to reduce the area under quarantine. 



