276 JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY [Vol. 14 



Kansas and neighboring states, though the third may be only partial; 

 larvae hatching in May, July and late August respectively. Because 

 of variations in development, extended oviposition and adult longev- 

 ity, some adults are flying at almost any time in the season.. 



Only the first generation is usually injurious, larvae of the later 

 generation being scarce and hardly noticeable in the field. This is 

 probably due to parasitic attacks. In Kansas in 1915, and in Iowa 

 in 1919, Lycophotia was heavily parasited by Arc/z;v^a5awa/j.y, atachin- 

 id, and there are doubtless other important parasites. Records show 

 that the later generations may be important in some cases; on the 

 other hand, even the first generation larvae are scarce in many seasons, 



Riley believed there were two and possibly three generations in 

 Missouri; Fletcher, Lintner, Garman, Doane and Brodie, aud others 

 have expressed the belief that two generations occur. 



Hibernation : The writer has no direct evidence on the method of 

 hibernation. Moths were abroad November 18, 1915 and December 4, 

 1917; and were reared under outdoor temperatures, emerging in 

 November 1915. Moths were flying at Garden City in April, both 

 in 1914 and 1915; and Mr. W. P. FHnt states that they have been 

 observed in March in Illinois. Noctuid larvae and pupae have been 

 carefully collected by the writer during winter and early spring in 

 several seasons, but none of Lycophotia have been found among these 

 collections. The facts that adults are present so late in the fall and 

 early in the spring, and that larvae or pupae of this species have not 

 been found during the winter, suggests that the species hibernate as 

 adult. 



Gillette records adults flying in late fall: on the other hand, both 

 Chittenden and Forbes record finding larvae at different times in win- 

 ter, and Doane and Brodie wintered the species as pupae in the in- 

 sectary. It may be that more than one stage hibernates, as Doctor 

 Chittenden suggests. From the facts the writer has, it seems likely 

 that the adult is the principal, if not the only hibernating stage in 

 southern Kansas, More work should be done on this phase of the 

 seasonal history. 



Dimorphism 



As noted before, two forms of adults occur. On confining these 

 types of moths in separate cages, it was found that the purple form 

 did not reproduce. In only one case were eggs found in the cage of 

 purple moths, and these eggs were abnormal, appeared withered, and. 

 failed to develop. The gray moths deposited eggs in great abundance, 



