414 JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY [Vol. 14 



series being indoors and the other outdoors. The indoor collections 

 were made regularly in the same buildings consisting of^a cowshed, a 

 washhouse, showerbath, storehouse and dwelling, while the outdoor 

 collections were made under a short wooden bridge within ten to twelve 

 feet of an aggregation of shacks occupied by Chinese and negroes. The 

 indoor series taken in an area where control measures were in progress 

 does not represent a large num.ber of mosquitoes but the fact rem.ains 

 that of seventy-seven anophelines taken, fifty were Anopheles occidentalis 

 (including only one m.ale) and twenty-seven were A. punch' pennis (in- 

 cluding two m.ales) or practically twice as many of the former. On the 

 other hand the outdoor series represented a total of 343 anophelines of 

 which 102 were A. occidentalis (42 m.ales and 60 females) and 241 were 

 A. punctipennis (130 males and 111 females) or something over twice as 

 many as the latter. 



These collections bear out very well the general observations that 

 A. occidentalis like A. quadrimaculatus is typically an invader of houses 

 and consequently of greater importance as a malaria carrier, while A. 

 punctipennis is chiefly an outdoor biter, porch biter, etc., and of less 

 im.portance as a m.alaria carrier. During the entire period of two 

 months the well screened cottage which was occupied by our party was 

 not invaded a single time by A . punctipennis while A . occidentalis was a 

 common visitor. Our experience with A. pseudopunctipennis during 

 this period was so hmited that no general deductions can be made, how- 

 ever, in our wide experience with this species in other parts of the state 

 we are inclined to believe that it is a typical field species although it 

 bites human beings very freely. 



As may be seen from the above the num.ber of males and females for 

 the two species under consideration is not far from equal. In this con- 

 nection it is interesting to note that the males disappear about the middle 

 of November and reappear the following year during the last week in 

 April. A. occidentalis winter over in the adult stage, the females often 

 appearing in enorm.ous numbers during the warmer days of February 

 and March when egg laying begins. These observations are import- 

 ant from, the standpoint of control and it has been consistently advised 

 that mosquito control operations should begin in the autumn with a 

 strong intensive campaign to clean out the last brood and again another 

 early spring campaign to eliminate the first brood. Remarkable results 

 have thus been accomplished. 



