1889.] 8 NEW- YORK MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY. 43 



the discussion concerning the heteroecism of related species 

 with the fungus, Gymnosporangium (Cedar-apple), found upon 

 our Red Cedar, Juniperus Virginiana, L, (See Farlow, Hal- 

 stead and Thaxter.) 



Under the attack of this fungus the fruit of the Hawthorn 

 becomes swollen and distorted, and the peridia finally burst 

 through the cuticle, sometimes in such abundance as to cause 

 the fruit to appear like a white, woolly ball. The first slide 

 shows one of these peridia entire, cut from the fruit with a por- 

 tion of the outer rind still adhering. The base of the peridium 

 within the fruit is bulbous, and is here laid open, showing the 

 spores within. The peridia are white, slender, fragile tubes, 

 frequently one-sixteenth of an inch in length, and soon become 

 lacerated and broken down ; but when young and fresh they 

 are entirely filled with the bright orange-colored spores. The 

 walls of the peridia are composed of a single layer of large, 

 mostly lozenge-shaped cells, ornamented with irregular white 

 ridges, enclosing darker spaces. The spores are large, sub- 

 globose, furnished with a very thick hyaline epispore, this latter 

 being elegantly marked with delicate radiating lines. 



Mr. Zabriskie donated both slides to the Cabinet of the 

 Society. 



Mr. Woodward remarked concerning the volume exhibited 

 by him, that it is printed in Latin and German, with colored 

 plates, and that its descriptions of foraminifera hold good to 

 this day. 



Mr. Wright said, that the crystals of butter of his exhibit 

 were obtained by boiling the butter for a long time, and cool- 

 ing it very slowly. The cross shown in the preparation by the 

 polariscope was very distinct in the center, but indistinct at, the 

 extremities. 



Meeting of November i6th, 1888. 

 The President, Mr. Charles F. Cox, in the chair. 

 Twenty-four persons present. 



OBJECTS exhibited. 



1. Ovipositor of Tremcx columba, L., The Pigeon Borer ; poI- 

 arized : by J. L. Zabriskie. 



2, An insect-case, containing Tretnex columba, L., male and 



