442 Action of the Atmospliere vpon newlij-deepened Soil. 



felspar, mica, chlorite, hornblende, and epidote ; of these felspar 

 is the most abundant, hornblende next, and then quartz and 

 mica. Epidote in small quantities at any one place. Of rarer 

 occurrence are, magnetic iron-ore, sulphuret of iron, sulphate of 

 barytes, carbonate of lime and carbonate of iron. They are in 

 short a range of igneous or trap rocks. The surface of the hills 

 is uniformly and excessively dry, says Mr. Phillips ; the rain- 

 water sinking into innumerable fissures and reappearing at lower 

 levels in springs. The following table will therefore show wliat 

 water will dissolve in passing through such substances : — 



Holy ■\VeIl. St. Ann's AVell. 



Carbonate of soda 

 „ lime 



„ magnesia 



,, iron 



Sulphate of soda 



Muriate of soda . . 



Eesiduum 



temperature 49=" — 50°. Temperature 47° — 49>'. 



Grains of solid ingredients in 1 gallon 14-Gll 

 The effect of the carbonic acid in the rain-Avater will be 

 observed, the greater part of the salts being washed out in the 

 form of carbonates. These springs are at the common tempe- 

 rature ; the following will show the effect of an increased tempe- 

 rature : the first analysis is of the waters of the Great Geyser in 

 Iceland, by Dr. Sandberger, which passes also through igneous 

 rocks ; the second is by Berzelius, of the mineral waters of 

 Carlsbad : — 



Geyser. 



Carbonate of soda 



ammonia 



Carlsbad. 



Temperature 165° F. 

 Grains in 1,000. 



1-25200 



0-31219 

 0-00097 

 0-18221 

 0-00424 



trace. 

 2-58714 



Grains in 1,000. 



. .. 0-1939 

 . .. 0-0033 



,, lime 



„ strontia 



„ magnesia 



,, iron 



„ manganese 



Sulphate of soda 0-1070 



„ potash 0-0475 



„ magnesia 0-0042 



Sulphide of sodium 0-0088 



Chloride of sodium 0-2521 



riuoride of calcium . . . . ; 



Phosphate of lime 



„ alumina' 



Sihca 0-5097 



Carbonic acid 0-0557 5 cubic inches in a -wine pint. 



1-04893 

 0-00331 

 0-00019 

 0-00034 

 0-07504 



1-1872 



5-46656 



