436 EECORD OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 



pouch-shapcfl buccal cavity has three closely approximated rods, each 

 of which euds iu a small knob ; at their anterior end they appear to 

 be connected with a chitiuous triangular valve. Tijlomaiphorus (nov. 

 gen.) has one buccal spine, which, at its anterior end, is surrounded 

 by a caj?, formed of three short rods, connected with one another at 

 their anterior ends. 



The paper, which is purely systematic, concludes with the de- 

 scription of the species of Dorylaimus, a large number of which are new. 



Structure of Echinorhynchus.* — Herr Carl Baltzer describes — 

 (1) The Integumentary Tissue. — Below the true cuticular layer there 

 lies a subcuticle, which is remarkable for the labyrinthine arrange- 

 ment of the fibres of which it is composed, and of the lacunar spaces 

 that anastomose among them ; of these fibres some are radial and 

 others take a wavy circular, or longitudinal course, but the latter, to 

 which Leuckart has applied the name of granular layer, is no less 

 fibrous than the other, which that same anatomist has distinguished as 

 the fibrous layer. Difierences are stated to obtain in different sjiecies 

 as to the thickness of the connective tissue which separates the sub- 

 cuticle from the circular layer of muscles and in the arrangement of 

 the bundles of fibres which compose it ; the lacunae between these 

 fibres are stated to be connected with the vascular system. 



(2) The NecJc and Proboscis. — In E. Proteus the neck is as much 

 as 3 • 5 mm. long, and in it three parts can be distinguished : a 

 broadened conical basal portion, a filamentous median piece, and a 

 swollen out upper extremity, with which the proboscis is connected. 

 The neck is separated from the posterior region by a deep constriction. 

 The lemnisci are to be regarded as appendages of the subcuticula of 

 the neck ; they are oval in form, have a bright brownish yellow 

 colour, and form lobules which depend into the coelom ; they are 

 inserted into the neck at the point where the circular cuticular fold is 

 placed, and they are very intimately connected with the vascular 

 system of the anterior portion of the body, by means of the circular 

 vessel at its base. In transverse sections these lobules have an almost 

 semilunar appearance. The whole network of the lemnisci is filled 

 with a granular mass, which also penetrates into the vascular spaces. 

 The opinion of Leuckart that these bodies serve as pumping organs 

 by means of which the vascular sj)aces of the proboscis and neck are 

 filled, is supported by the fact that the presence of some such organ 

 is necessitated by the feeble development of the subcuticular fibres 

 in the neck and proboscis. The tegumentary tissue of the neck and 

 of the proboscis was found to be continuous. The relation of the 

 vascular system to the hooks is illustrated by a figure; there are 

 eighteen ridges formed by the former, nine of which are traversed by 

 hooks ; the intermediate ones contain a semilunar cavity. In the 

 upper portion of the proboscis, where the hooks are more closely 

 packed, the base of the next highest hook projects into every one of 

 these spaces. By this means the communication between the hooks 

 and the lacunar system is effected. After describing the same parts 

 in E. angustatus, the author passes to 



' ' Arch. Naturg.,' xlvi. (1880) p. 1 (2 plates). 



