February, '09] JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 47 



vines are not iu the same condition in both regions during the time 

 that this brood of worms is at work. 



In Massachusetts, the second brood of worms all have yellow heads 

 in all stages of their development, and when they first hatch from 

 the egg they do not burrow into the tissues of the leaves on which 

 they feed, but they leave the egg-shell through a circular exit-hole 

 and go at once into the higher portions of the vines and commence 

 to spin up the tips. The first brood, on the other, hand, have consid- 

 erably darkened heads in their early stages and may readily be mis- 

 taken for young larva? of the Blackhead Cranberry AVorm (Eudemis 

 vacciniana). Like the young caterpillars of that species they bore 

 straight into the tissues of the leaves on which they hatch, destroy- 

 ing the egg-shelLs in the operation and leaving a pile of frass over 

 their entrance holes. They Avork around within the tissues of the 

 leaves for some time before they leave them to go in to the tips of 

 the vines. Some of the worms of this brood continue to have some- 

 what darkened heads until they become full gro\vn. It would be 

 interesting to know if the first brood of the worms of this species 

 in New Jersey present the same peculiarities of habit and appearance 

 that they do on Cape Cod and also if the second brood agrees with 

 the first one in these respects. 



A comparison of the pupation habits of the fire worm {Eudemis 

 vaccbiiana) on Cape Cod and in Wisconsin is interesting. On Cape 

 Cod the worms of both broods of this species go down out of the vines 

 on to the surface of the bog to pupate on the sand and among the 

 fallen leaves. In Wisconsin, on the other hand, (Cf. C. B. Harden- 

 berg, Bui. No. 159 of the Wisconsin Experiment Station, page 7), 

 these worms usually pupate in the spun up tips of the vines, only 

 a small percentage passing the pupa stage on the surface of the bog 

 under the vines. The bogs of Cape Cod are as a rule well drained, 

 while those of AVisconsin are not, and it is probable that the damp- 

 ness of the bog surfaces in Wisconsin makes them unsuitable locali- 

 ties for the insect to pupate in. It would be interesting to know, 

 however, if this difference iu pupation is a real inherent difference 

 of habit or a difference forced upon the insect by the surrounding 

 conditions. 



It was found to be a common thing, on the stricth' dry bogs of 

 Cape Cod, for certain undetermined species of ants to collect both 

 yeUow-headed cranberry worms and fruit worms in large numbers 

 and take them to their nests, presumably as food. I several times 

 saw as many as fifty such worms, all at one time and within a radius 

 of twelve feet, being dragged along by these ants, the ants as a rule 



