rebruary, '09] .toUK-VAL of ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 69 



boxes to the worms, but his 8,000 boxes of sound fruit were of such 

 -condition that a carload selection took the premier prize of $1,000 at 

 the National Apple Show. 



Our oAvn college orchard of thirty acres contains six hundred va- 

 rieties, yet we go over it only twice to insure a thorough first spray- 

 ing, giving each tree, however, but one application. This orchard 

 was neglected for some years and in 1906 was 40% wormy. Three 

 applications in 1907. two for the first and one for the second brood, 

 •changed this mixed orchard to 99.9% clean. 



Bulletin 299 of the Geneva. New York, Station lists the blooming 

 periods of 278 varieties of apples for New York. One spraying 

 given about June 1st would answer for an orchard having all these 

 trees. 



2. "Our weather conditions are not nearly so uniform as yours, 

 'and on the same tree we may have well set apples and unopened huds. 

 JS^o one spraying ivill hit all the fruits that are to he protected." 



This objection comes from several localities, both on the Pacific and 

 Atlantic slopes. It is probably universally true that all blossoms on 

 a tree do not mature together. Our spraying is timed for the flowers 

 that will set fruit, and not for the ones that will be thinned off by 

 crowding or picking. The center flowers are always in advance of 

 the others of the cluster, and these are the ones that normally set 

 fruit. Lateral buds do not produce fruit worth the attention of the 

 commercial orchardist. but if it is desired to spray for these there is 

 no objection to "touching up" a tree, as is usually done for scale in- 

 ■sects. 



3. " Oviposition is too irregidar, both in time and place of egg- 

 laying, to depend on spraying for the calyx alone. Since eighty per 

 cent of the eggs are laid on the leaves I consider the covering of the 

 foliage the most important part of the work." 



A practical answer to this comes from our spraying experiments. 

 In 1907 unsprayed trees used as checks in the orchard were 52% 

 -clean. Those trees that were not given the first spraying but which 

 received three subsequent applications produced also 52% of worm- 

 free fruit. Where the first spraying was also given the results were 

 ■changed to 98%. This season a block of trees was given a single ap- 

 plication when the first brood larvie were just entering the fruit. 

 The worminess was exactly the same as the unsprayed check trees. 

 The adjoining trees that had also a single application, but given a 

 month before, were 99.92% clean. Other similar cases could be cited 



