April, '09] JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 129 



scales Avere found on each of three trees out of a lot of nine hundred 

 shipped to Maryland. The other trees were hand inspected and were 

 apparently clean. Six hundred trees, all of the remainder grown in 

 the block, were subsequently hand inspected by me personally at the 

 nursery in Iowa and no scale discovered. In the other case a single 

 tree was found infected in a large shipment made to New York. The 

 question of the source of this scale is a puzzling one. It seems incred- 

 ible that it should have been introduced on the scions and not have 

 multiplied more in the three years, during which all the infested trees 

 had been growing in the nursery. On the other hand the orchards 

 for at least a mile in every direction from the nursery have been ex- 

 amined with sufficient care to have insured the discovery of any se- 

 vere infection. 



To summarize, the San Jose scale has twice been found on Iowa 

 grown trees sent out from the nurseries. Once, in a nursery from 

 which it is improbable any infested trees have been sent out, and in 

 four localities, all in the eastern and southern part of the state, in 

 orchards. In three of these it still exists. 



Mr. Washburn: I shall have to criticize Mr. Summers' statement 

 that Iowa represents the most northern spread of the scale in the 

 Mississippi Valley, because it has been known around jMadison, Wis- 

 consin, for two or three years, and in South Dakota I heard this win- 

 ter that the scale had lived through two winters. The stock was 

 burned up the following summer, so we do not know whether it would 

 have gone through another winter or not. It is rather strange, but 

 we have not found it in Minnesota yet. I have no doubt it is pushing 

 its way north, and we have inoculated, in a muslin cage, out of doors, 

 fruit trees with scales that we have had sent to us, and left the top 

 of the cage open during the winter, and have had scales live through 

 last winter. I don't think we ought to regard Iowa as the most 

 northern limit in the Mississippi Valley. I would like to ask ]Mr. 

 Summers if he has found it around Charles City. 



;Mr. Summers : We have never found it anywhere except at the 

 places mentioned in my paper. 



President Forbes: If there is no further discussion, the next 

 paper will be presented. 



Mr. Quaintanee gave a brief verbal statement of the facts contained 

 in the paper, which follows : 



