April, '09], JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY ' 131 



new fungicide, especially adapted to use on stone fruits, and one of 

 the features of the work, as was pointed out by Mr. Scott, was the 

 probable usefulness of this mixture as a summer spray for the San 

 Jose scale. 



Unquestionably, the destruction of scale insects may be best accom- 

 plished by applications to trees when in a dormant condition, as at 

 this time a very strong wash may be used and there are no leaves to 

 interfere with thorough applications. It often happens, however, 

 that for one reason or another the winter treatments have been ne- 

 glected or imperfectly accomplished, and the life of the trees will be 

 greatly endangered if the scale is allowed to develop unchecked 

 through a season. Also, the presence of the scale in orchards is often 

 first discovered after the trees have put out foliage and the owner 

 desires to promptly begin remedial work, not waiting until the dor- 

 mant period of the trees, several months later. For these reasons 

 treatments in summer are often very necessary. Recourse has usually 

 been had to dilute kerosene emulsion, whale-oil soap or other solutions, 

 which, while effectively destroying any crawling lice present at the 

 moment on the trees, have but little effect upon the older individuals 

 or young, which are somewhat protected by the scale covering. The 

 treatment is, therefore, but a temporary check to the insects, and 

 to be of much value in lessening the insects, must be often repeated. 



The past summer some tests made under the writer's direction of a 

 self -boiled wash as a treatment for the San Jose scale seem to indicate 

 that we have in this a valuable addition to our list of scalecides for 

 use on trees in foliage.^ The experiments were made in two locali- 

 ties, namely, in Maryland, in the vicinity of Washington, by Mr. 

 P. R. Jones, and near Saugatuck. ]\Iichigan, by Mr. R. W. Braucher. 

 In the course of some spraying experiments with self-boiled washes 

 for the brown rot of peaches made at Bentonville, Arkansas, in a 

 badly scale-infested orchard, i\Ir. J. B. Rorer, of the Bureau of Plant 

 Industry, was also able to make some observations on the effect of 

 these treatments upon the San Jose scale. 



The tests made by Mr. Jones on peach at Marshall Hall, Md., while 

 on a small scale, are believed to be quite reliable. Two plats were 

 sprayed just as the young lice were beginning to crawl, and the second 

 plat received an additional treatment about four weeks later. One 

 plat was left unsprayed for comparison. Examinations of the 

 sprayed trees shortly after the first treatment had been made showed 



'The formula used was that given in Circular No. 1, Bureau of Plant Indus- 

 try, U. S. Dept. Agriculture, by W. M. Scott. 



