134 JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY [Vol. 2 



injury in our experiments, there is one orchardist who states that 

 it injured the foliage of peach trees. I would like to ask if this wash 

 is uniformly safe. 



Mr. QuAiNTANCE : I would say that it differs a good deal, according 

 to the manner in which it is prepared. I see Mr. Scott in the audi- 

 ence, and I would like to ask him to state his experience in pre- 

 paring it. 



Mr. Scott : In the experiments that we made in 1907, this wash 

 caused no injury to peach foliage and we were greatly surprised at 

 the results. They were published with some "fear and trembling" 

 in Circular No. 1 of the Bureau of Plant Industry. When we began 

 work again last spring we made a foliage test, using mixtures made 

 in various ways, and found that by using boiling water and allowing 

 the hot mass to stand for thirty or forty* minutes, the cooking con- 

 tinued and a large per cent of the sulfur combined with the lime. 

 By slacking the lime with cold water and, as soon as the violent boiling 

 ceased, adding more cold water to reduce the temperature and thus 

 prevent further chemical action, we secured a mixture which was not 

 injurious to peaches or apples. The point is to stop the cooking pro- 

 cess immediately after the lime is thoroughly slacked. 



As to the strength, we used 10 pounds of lime and 10 pounds of 

 sulfur to fifty gallons of water and secured good results against the 

 peach scab and fairly good results against brown rot. We found 

 that by diluting the mixture clown to 6-6-50. the results were not 

 quite as good. 



Mr. GrOSSARD : If it is not getting too far away from the subject, I 

 would like to ask whether there has been any experiments tried in 

 combining arsenate of lead with the self -boiled lime-sulfur wash? 

 One or two fruit growers w^'ote me that they had had a rather disas- 

 trous experience in this connection. I made some experiments on 

 apple, but used the two washes separately. This treatment controlled 

 scab about as well as Bordeaux mixture, but it did not entirely con- 

 trol apple scab in Ohio this year. I would like to know if these two 

 insecticides can be safely mixed. 



Mr. Braucher: I had a similar experience in my work in Mich- 

 igan. After the trees had been sprayed with Bordeaux mixture and 

 then sprayed with the self-boiled lime-sulfur wash there was a de- 

 cided change. The leaves became a russet brown and looked as 

 though they were very badly injured, but later observations showed 

 that there was no special injury to the foliage. I tested that point 

 in the laboratory by taking some lime-sulfur mixture and adding 

 arsenate of lead to it; by adding sufficient arsenate of lead I took 



