June, '09] JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 205 



Finally, I would refer briefly to a work which we only began this 

 year in definite manner. Last year at Chicago Dr. Fernald referred 

 to the fact that despite the efforts of the entomolog-ists, the ravages 

 by insects continues to increase, and called our attention to the fact, — 

 only too painfully apparent to us all, — that only a small number of 

 our constituents really carry our recommendations into practice. 



It does seem to me that we have slipped a cog somewhere when, at 

 this late day, we still have in every state hundreds of men who depend 

 on apple orchards for a part of their income, and who not only do not 

 spray, but do not believe that spraying of apples will actually pay 

 for itself in average years! These doubters are in the majority in 

 some of our states and I believe that we owe fully as much to the duty 

 of proving the facts to these men, as to discovering newer facts and 

 principles for the more progressive minority of our people. 



During 1908 we conducted apple spraying demonstrations in six 

 different counties in North Carolina, at one place in each county. 

 In each case three sprayings were given, the first treatment being 

 made the occasion of a public meeting. — a sort of field institute which 

 was advertised throughout the county through the regular Farmers' 

 Institute organizations. A complete barrel outfit with two leads of 

 hose, and also a complete bucket outfit were shipped from place to 

 place. Bordeaux Mixture and Paris Green were prepared before the 

 audience at each place, and the spraying was done before their eyes. 

 Three trees only were used in each test, and one of them was sprayed 

 only on one side. 



We requested a report from the owners in July to show the condi- 

 tion at midsummer, and again in October to show the condition at 

 apple harvest. Xo effort was made to work out exact details as to 

 percentage of wormy fruit, etc. All we wanted was to demonstrate 

 the matter to the fruit-grower from his own everyday standpoint, 

 and this we did. Mr. S. C. Clapp, inspector of orchards for my office, 

 did much of this work, and he visited some of the places during the 

 summer and said the difference between the treated and untreated 

 trees was remarkable. The five mid-summer reports were all en- 

 thusiastic, and the five autumn reports were even more so. I have 

 recently sent out a circular to an especially prepared list of fruit- 

 growers of our state, describing this work and giving all these reports. 

 If this kind of demonstration w^ork does not take a real hold among 

 our growers and convince them of the real value of a spray pump, I 

 shall be disappointed. 



This kind of work cannot be called research and the strictly guarded 

 Adams' fund cannot be used for it. But I submit that while we ought 



