208 JOURNAL OP ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY [Yol. 2 



peaches. This orchard had not been ploughed for two years. A 

 few large commercial orchards were sprayed this last spring for 

 Curculio, as our experiments in 1907 gave fairly good results. In 

 these experiments we used two pounds of arsenate of lead and three 

 pounds of lime to fifty gallons of water. Where we sprayed twice, 

 69% of the fruit was sound; three times, 72% of the fruit was sound, 

 and w^here we sprayed four times, 75% of the fruit was sound. On 

 unsprayed trees there were 13 to 49% of sound fruit; or on seven 

 unsprayed trees a general average of 30% sound. In the orchards 

 where experiments were conducted this year there was scarcely any 

 curculio present so we obtained no results. From the work carried 

 on for the last three years, we have decided it is not safe to spray 

 peaches more than twice after blooming, on account of injury to 

 the foliage and fruit. 



The Codling Moth {Carpocapsa pomonella) was quite abundant in 

 unsprayed orchards. We have been conducting spraying experiments 

 for control of this insect for the past three years, and the results 

 will soon be published in detail, so we will only mention the work 

 briefly. It now seems that the number of broods varies each year. 

 In 1906 two broods and a part of a third brood w'ere found; in 1907 

 nearly three complete broods ; in 1908 three full and a part of a fourth 

 brood. But it must be remembered that this was an extremely early 

 spring, fruit blooming about ten days earlier than usual, so the Cod- 

 ling Moth has had a long season in which to develop. 



In controlling the Codling Moth the best results w^ere secured by 

 spraying, once before the calyx closed, and twice for the second brood. 

 However, very nearly as good results were secured by spraying once 

 before the calyx closed and once for the second brood. One spraying 

 before the calyx closed gave as good results as three sprayings ap- 

 plied : first, as petals fell ; second, before the calyx closed ; and third, 

 ten days later. In all of these sprayings we used Disparene, two 

 pounds ; bluestone, three pounds ; lime, six pounds ; water, fifty gal- 

 lons. 



The Woolly Aphis of the apple (ScJiizoneura lanigera) was present, 

 ias usual, in many apple orchards. Some growers are now using the 

 kerosene emulsion for this insect with very good results. 



The Green-apple Aphis (Aphis pomi) was ciuite abundant in a few 

 orchards. We are now advising the use of the tobacco decoction, or 

 15% kerosene emulsion for fighting this louse. To beginners in spray- 

 ing' -Vve usually recommend the tobacco decoction as being the least 

 likely to injure the trees. 



The Hessian Fly {Mayetiola destructor) was present in many wheat 



