254 JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY [Vol. 2 



upon an nndetermined species of thrush. An engorged nymjih was 

 taken by ]\Ir. J. D. ^Mitchell in Victoria County, Texas, from a quail. 

 In Prof. F. L. AVashburn's collection there is a male specimen of 

 Ixodes cooJiei labeled as taken at St. Anthony Park, Minn., from a 

 robin {Merida migratoria) . 



We have also found that birds serve as hosts for at least two Ameri- 

 can species of Amblyomma. Amhlyomma amevicanum larva?, unen- 

 gorged and partially engorged, in large numbers, also a male speci- 

 men, were taken in Kerr County, Texas, from a chaparral cock (Geo- 

 coccyx californianus) by Messrs. W. D. Hunter and F. C. Pratt in 

 August, 1907. Thus we find a bird disseminating a species that is of 

 economic importance. But little has been known of the life history 

 and habits of Amhlyomma tuberculatum except that it is found upon 

 the gopher tortoise (Testudo polyphemus) in Florida. Recently Prof . 

 H. A. ^Morgan has informed the writer that he has seen a specimen of 

 this tick that was collected in southern Alabama. The writer has col- 

 lected the engorged larvfe in large numbers from dogs and from a 

 cotton-tail rabbit at Hawthorne, Florida, and larvae that were collected 

 from cattle at Sorrento, Florida, have been received from Mr. P. B. 

 Powell. In January of the present year several specimens of engorged 

 larva? were collected from the head of a sparrow hawk (Falco sparve- 

 rius) by Dr. E. A. Back of the Bureau of Entomology. During an ex- 

 amination of the Bureau of Entomology collection the past winter, the 

 writer found three poorly preserved specimens of engorged larvae 

 taken from an owl in Florida, which are undoubtedly A. tuberculatum. 

 The fact that they have only been found upon birds of prey suggests 

 the idea that they crawled to the bird-host from the rabbit or other 

 small mammal being devoured. In life liistory M'ork nymphs of this 

 species have been found to attach readily to and engorge upon a bovine. 

 To summarize : The larvse of A. tuberculatum have been taken attached 

 to mammals and birds. The nymphs are commonly found on the 

 gopher tortoise and have experimentally engorged upon a bovine, while 

 the adults will apparently attach to cold-blooded animals only. We 

 have found this species when engorged to surpass in size the African 

 species Amhlyomma liehrceum and Hyalomma agyptium, one gorged 

 female having measured nearly an inch in length, actually measuring 

 24.0 mm. long by 18.5 nun. wide. 



Thus we find birds acting as hosts and disseminators in this coun- 

 try of the immature stages of a number of species, representing the 

 genera Amblyomma, Haemaphysalis, Ixodes, and probably Aponomma. 

 Habits of this nature may account for the wide distribution of A, 

 americanum, H. leporis-palustris and other species, the migratory ter- 



