362 JOURNAL OP ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY [Vol. 2 



have been greatly improved by a series of figures showing the characteristics 

 of the more important insects and fungous diseases. It will undoubtedly prove 

 very useful to fruit growers of Great Britain. 



The Warble Fly, by George H. Carpenter and J. W. Steen. 

 Dep't Agric. & Tech. Instruct, for Ireland Joiirn. vol. 8. No. 2 Sep- 

 arate, p. 1-22. 



This is a general discussion, illustrated by a series of excellent figures, of 

 the warble flies, Hypodenna hovls and H. lineata. The details of a series of 

 experiments with various washes and other protective measures are given, one 

 of the most interesting being data showing that calves with the legs covered 

 from June to September were infested on the average by only 3.5 warbles, 

 as opposed to an infestation by ten warbles in the case of calves with the back 

 and sides protected. The authors consider the destruction of the maggots as 

 the most practical method of dealing with these pests. 



Injurious Insects and Other Animals Observed in Ireland Dur- 

 ing the Year 1907, by George H. Carpenter. Royal Dublin Soc, 

 Econ. Proc, vol. 1, p. 559-588, 1908. 



This comprises brief illustrated notices of many insects observed during the 

 season, with somewhat extended discussions of the cattle ticlv, the scab and 

 itch mites and the pear blister mite. The value of the report is greatly en- 

 hanced by a series of original process plates. 



South African Central Locust Bureau, First Report of the Com- 

 mittee of Control, edited by Claude Fuller, p. 1-112, 1907. 



This is a noteworthy document in that it places on record the progress made 

 by a group of administrations toward subduing a common enemy. The leader 

 in this movement was the late C. B. Simpson, unfortunately deprived from 

 taking an active part in the operations by an untimely decease. The oflicial 

 history dates from a dispatch June 1, 1906, and a conference held the follow- 

 ing August between representatives of a number of administrations. This 

 resulted in the drafting of a series of resolutions providing for a central 

 bureau at Pretoria and its maintenance by contributions from the interested 

 governments. Provision was made for a secretary and the tabulation by him 

 or under his direction of data relating to the distribution and movements of 

 locusts. The two troublesome species are the red winged locust, Cyrtocan- 

 thacris septemfasciata and the brown locust, Pachytylus sulclcolUs. The 

 need of cooperation was due to the swarms of locusts deserting extensive wild 

 tracts for the more attractive cultivated areas. An interesting biological 

 phenomenon is the persistence in the soil of viable eggs for a period of several 

 years. The possibility of this, a matter of common belief, was recently de- 

 termined by Professor Lounsbury. There is an interesting chapter on the food 

 value of locusts. The destructive swarms are controlled most readily and 

 economically by spraying the vegetation in their vicinity with a sweetened 

 arsenical solution, precautious being taken to keep stock from the treated 

 area till the arsenic has burned and killed the grass or until a heavy rain has 

 washed it off. The problem of South Africa appears to be very similar to 

 the locust evil of South America and to that which obtained in the West 



