October. '09] JOURNAL OP ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY .359 



CALIFORNIA HORTICULTURAL QUARANTINE 



By C W. WooDwoKTH, Berkeley, Cat. 



Entomologists are generally unacquainted with the actual facts rela- 

 tive to the working of the California horticultural laws. The suppo- 

 sition is that they have really prevented the introduction of insects. 

 During the period of the greatest horticultural expansion California 

 had absolutely no restrictions on importations. The quarantine laws 

 have been effective now for more than a score of years. In 1896 Mr. 

 Alexander Craw, then horticultural officer at the port of San Fran- 

 cisco, gave a list of "injurious insect pests found on trees and plants 

 from foreign countries."^ These were the insects which he consid- 

 ered liable to be introduced but which the quarantine was expected 

 to prevent. 



The publication of a "Host Index of California Coccidae" by Essig 

 and Baker- contains data for checking up the preceding list, largely 

 supplied by Mr. Edward M. Ehrhorn, the successor of Mr. Craw. The 

 following species are noted as established in California : 



1. Pseudaonidia duplex Coc. {Aspidiotus duplex) in green- 

 houses (p. 56). 



2. Chrysomplialus aonidium Linn {Aspidiotus ficus) in green- 

 houses (p. 55). 



3. nemichionaspis aspidistrce Sign. (Chionaspis aspidistrce) in 

 greenhouses (p. 55). 



4. Chionaspis euonymi Coms. in nursery houses (p. 60). 



5. Fiorinia fiorinm Coms. (Fiorinia camellice) in greenhouses 

 (p. 56 and 58). 



6. Lepidosaphes heckii Newm. {Mytilaspis citricola), recorded 

 by Craw as already established in one locality in San Diego 

 County and eradication urged, on orange (p. 57). 



7. Lepidosaphes gloveri Pack {Mytilaspis gloveri), same rec- 

 ord as above, on orange (p. 57). 



8. Parlatoria pergandei Coms. on orange and camellia (p. 56 

 and 57). 



9. Pseudococcus aurilanatus Mask {Dactylopius aurilanatus) 

 in greenhouses (p. 59). 



10. Eucalymnatus perforatus News. {Lecanium perforatum) in 

 greenhouses (p. 56), on sweet bay tree (p. 62). 



11. Orthezia insignis Doug, on Lantana (p. 61). 



^Fifth Biennial Report of the State Board of Horticulture. 

 -Pomona Journal of Entomology, Vol. I. 



