440 JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ' ENTOMOLOGY [Vol. 2 



The Olive Scale 



Saissetia olece, (Bern.) 



Plate 20, Fig. 2 



Chermes olew Bern., Mem. d'Hist. Nat. Ac. Marseille, p. 108 (1782). 

 Coccus olea Oliv., Ency. Meth., VI, p. 95 (1791). 

 Coccus palmcB Haw., Tr. Ent. Soc. Lond., p. 307 (1812). 

 Coccus testudo Curt., Gard. Cliron., p. 444 (1843). 

 Coccus cycadis Bdv., Ent. Hort, p. 323 (1867). 

 Lecanium cassinicB Mask., N. Z. Trans., XXIII, p. 15 (1890). 

 Lecanium olece var. testudo Ckll., Check List, p. 331 (1896). 

 Lecanium olew var. mirandum Ckll. & Parr., Biol. Centr. Am., II, pt. 2, p. 

 12 (1899). 



Coccus olew Kirkaldy, Fauna Haw., Ill, pt. 2, p. 106 (1902). 



In view of the fact that this species has been described and figured 

 so frequently in various reports, it seems hardly necessary to describe 

 it again in full. The popular name "black scale" has been applied 

 to this species, but rather incorrectly, since it is usually very dark 

 brown ; the above name should be applied properly to Saissetia nigra, 

 which in the adult female stage usually becomes truly black. 



A thorough study of this species warrants the above synonymy, 

 part of which Professor Newstead proposes and the remainder is 

 vouched for by the writer after examining typical material. Maskell^ 

 in his notes, doubts the validity of his species, cassinice, and an exam- 

 ination of his types sinks the name. 



This species is readily recognized by its thick convex, dark-brown 

 scale dotted with minute flakes of wax, and bearing two more or less 

 prominent transverse ridges and a median longitudinal ridge in the 

 form of a letter H. The young female of the hemispherical scale 

 sometimes exhibits this character to a slight degree, but it vanishes 

 toward maturity. 



The olive scale infests a wide range of food plants and is found in 

 nearly every greenhouse where tropical plants are grown, and is a 

 pest in the warmer regions of the United States. 



The Black Scale 



Saissetia nigra (Nietn.) 



Plate 20, Fig. 3 



Lecanium nigrum Nietn., "Enemies of Coffee-tree," p. 9 (1861). 

 Lecanium depressum Targ., Studii sul. Cocc, p. 29 (1867). 

 Lecanium begonice Dougl., Ent. Mon. Mag., XXVIII, p. 209 (1892). 

 Lecanium nigrum var. depressum Ckll., Check List, p. 332 (1896). 

 Saissetia depressa King, Psyche, IX, p. 296 (1902). 



