DTVERTEBRATA, CRTPTOGAMIA, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 785 



New Galeodida.* — In his latest contribution to this subject, 

 Dr. Karsch describes a number of new forms, and among these there 

 are three new genera — Zerhina {Z. gracilis C. L. Koch), Dcesia 

 (D. prcecox C. L, Koch), Biton (B. Ehrenbergii n. sp.), and Gnosippus 

 (G. Klunzingeri n. sp.). The author is of opinion that the time has 

 not yet come for a natural arrangement of this group. Simon, in 

 rejecting what he regards as Koch's artificial arrangement, has left 

 equally important points out of consideration. In proof of his 

 position the author gives an interesting table showing the number of 

 tarsal joints in the three hinder pairs of legs in the genera of the 

 Galeodida, which shows up the lacuna? in our knowledge in a very 

 striking manner. 



5. Crustacea. 



Antennary Gland of the Crustacea.t — In this important essay 

 Dr. Grobbeu commences with an account of his observations on 

 some of the Phyllopoda ; in the larva) of Esfheria and Branchipus he 

 has found that in its early condition the gland consists of two parts, 

 histologically different ; there is a terminal saccule, and a urinary 

 canal, looped and coiled. The former lies between the muscles of 

 the second antenna and has a dorso-ventral direction ; it is attached 

 to the integument by connective fibres. The canal extends from 

 before backwards, and opens at the base of the second antenna. The 

 saccule is lined by an epithelial layer lying on a delicate supporting 

 membrane ; the cell-protoplasm is clear, rich in vacuoles and nume- 

 rous yellowish-brown granules. In the canal we only find three 

 nuclei, so that its walls are formed by three cells ; the protoplasmic 

 granules are principally arranged in cords, while on the internal 

 surface the cells are invested by a rather thick cuticle. 



In the Nauplius form of Cetochihts hehjolandicus the canal is 

 formed by a few cells, the terminal saccule by a single one, and it is 

 provided on its inner surface with a delicate cuticle. In Cyclops 

 (Nauplius form) the antennary gland is considerably elongated, the 

 canal is long, curved dorsally, and after a complex course returns to 

 the region of the saccule. 



Turning from the Entomostraca to the Malacostraca, the author 

 describes what he has seen in Gammarus marinns ; here, again, there 

 is a terminal saccule and a canal ; the former, reniform in shape, lies 

 near the integument, and the canal after several coils returns to open 

 near it. The protoplasm in the cells of the former is coarsely 

 granular, and in tlie latter finely fibrillatcd ; its terminal portion has 

 special cells, which completely resemble the matrix-cells of the 

 integument, and they shed out a chitinous cuticle ; to this portion of 

 the " urinary canal " the author applies the term of " ureter." 



After giving a description of tlie same parts in ^Fysis, Dr. 

 Grobben comes to the so-called " green gland " of the Dccapoda ; in 

 Pdhemon trcillianus the gland lies in the basal joint of the second 

 antenna ; the saccule is reniform and is supplied by a large blood- 

 vessel ; the whole course of the canal was not exactly followed, and 



* ' Arch, fur Nntnrg.,' xlvi. (1880) p. 228. 

 t ' ClauH's Arboitcn.' iii. (ISSO) p. m. 

 VOL. III. 3 F 



