106 Report on Steam Caltivation. [Reed. 



that 600 yards of tlie rope exactly suits. They are uniformly 

 cultivated from tlie roads. The under drainage is done at a 

 depth of from 2 to 4 feet, 12 yards apart in clay, 24 in sand. 

 Water is plentifully obtained on the land side of the old sea- 

 bank, and is of good quality. 



Of this 500 acres, 260 acres only had been cultivated by steam 

 up to December, 1862, when the bank broke, and the sea regained 

 possession. Until March, 1864, nothing could be done. When 

 the sea was again excluded, the land was long too wet to work. 

 ^Since that date steam has been used to great advantage. 



The Apparatus was bought of Messrs. Fowler in 1861. 

 It consists of an engine, bearing Kitson and Hewetson's name, 

 of 12-horse power, double cylinder, traction, 600 yai'ds of 

 rope, 1 4-furrowed plough, 1 cultivator, and a subsoiler. 

 Price 885/. 



Repairs, Renewals, Wear and Tear. — We saAv the tackle at work. 

 The 4-furrowed plough was carrying o furrows 9|^ inches deep, 

 with 65 lbs. steam pressure. All was in a good state and 

 carefully kept ; the slack rope Avell supported. The engine is 

 cleaned out once in 6 weeks ; width of front travelling-wheels 

 of engine 1 foot 4 inches ; of back wheels, 1 foot 10 inches. 

 The bush of the clip-drum, being of cast-iron, has been twice 

 renewed ; beyond this, there has been no considerable wear of 

 the tackle. In this, as in some other engines which we in- 

 spected, Ave considered that there was too small a space for dry 

 steam. The engine is engaged about 170 days a year: 20 for 

 thrashing, chaff-cutting, &c., and 150 for tillage on this and the 

 Park Farm. Two years ago the whole apparatus was overhauled, 

 refitted with all the recent improvements. Excluding these 

 additions, not more than 100/. have been expended, apart from 

 the rope, to which 600 yards Avere added since 1865. 



Work done, and 3Iode of doing it. — The rate during a day of 

 10 hours, including removals (which average 2 hours each, with 

 2 horses), is — 



Siibsoiling, 16 inches deep 2^] acres, 



Ploii!ilung, 9 ,, 5 „ 



Cultivating, 6-7 „ 10 „ 



There were 123 acres subsoiled before the Christmas of 1865 

 and 15 ploughed; during the spring and summer of 1866, 114 

 acres were subsoiled and 176 cultivated. Between the harvest 

 of 1865 and that of 1866, 105 days' work were accomplished. 

 In this period, however, there were 210 over hours paid for 

 beyond the 10 constituting the ordinary day's labour. The 

 apparatus is not much used in the Park Farm on account of 



