Eeed,] Report on Steam Cultivation. 163 



Now that the lands have been cleared and got into working 

 order, it is found that about a moiety (200 acres) comes in 

 rotation to be deeply stirred each year, viz. : — 



Acres. 



100 stubbles in autumn, immediately after harvest. 



50 „ in early spring for roots, potatoes, mangel, and kohl rabi. 



50 „ after tares, rye, trifolium, clover, &c., for rape and turnips. 



200 



Any variation from the ordinary rotation, wherein 2 corn 

 crops are taken in succession, as an equivalent for 2 years' layers, 

 will require about the same tillages. 



The General Account (see pp. 164-165) differs from the above 

 inasmuch as it embraces work done on neighbouring farms. The 

 Farm, it will be seen, is charged from the same scale of prices 

 as applies to land where work is done for hire. 



Cost of Worli done. 



Manual labour per day : — s.. d. 



Engine-man 3 6 



Anchor-man 2 



2 porter-boys 2 



Ploughman 2 6 



10 

 Is. per acre is divided amongst the compau}^ by way of incentive. 



The coals burned are " Hartley's," which cost I85. a ton 

 home. The quantity burned per day of 10 hours is J a ton — 

 the cost consequently 05. Add to this the oil. Is. per day, and 

 the daily expenses are found to amount to 20^.* For a general 

 view of the cost of the work done on and off the farm, we must 

 refer to the Farm Account and the Summary appended. From 

 the latter it will be seen that for Fowler's Apparatus the 

 disbursements from 1860 to 1865 amounted to 1673/. 7^. 6f7., 

 the returns to 1228/. Qs., so that a balance of 445/. Is. (id. 

 appears against Steam ; in Howard's case the balance in the 

 same direction is 237/. 13^. bd. In neither case does interest 

 on capital figure in the account. 



kr The expenses of working have been thus estimated over an area 

 of 280 acres during 60 days, ploughed from 8 to 12 inches deep. 



Per Acre. 



s. d. 



Wages 3 6 



Irons and water 16 



Coals and oil 2 6 



Eepairs, mamteuance of apparatus and rope . . 3 6 



11 



* This is exclusive of the Is. per acre gratuity. 



M 2 



