256 Report on Steam Cultivation. [Claeke. 



ferent sized cultivators and the drag get over 4^^ acres, 7 acres, 

 and 9 acres respectively, of very stiff work. Mr. Hemslev. 

 coming to the same conclusion as many other " steam " men, 

 does not mean to trust any longer to one sort of implement only, 

 and intends " purchasing a plough very shortly." His year's 

 work occupies 03 days. No account has been taken of hin- 

 drances from Aveather, as he works only when it is dry ; but last 

 autumn he lost about 10 days " from the engine." 



No. 63. Mr. Edward Paddison, of Ingleby, near Lincoln, 

 occupies 520 acres arable, and 200 acres of grass land, all pretty 

 level ; " Ingleby Farm," consisting of heavy loam upon a clay 

 subsoil ; while " Branston Farm," on Lincoln Heath, has a stony 

 and sandy soil. The steam tillage is mainly practised upon the 

 former ; the apparatus being a Fowler 14-horse set, with plough 

 and cultivator, purchased in April, 1866, for a total outlay of 

 950/. The fields are principally of 18 and 20 acres each, and 

 smaller inclosures are being thi'own together. Only the cultivator 

 had been used at the time of Mr. Paddison replying to the 

 " schedule of queries," and the work done was from 7 to 15 acres 

 in a day, according to the depth and difficulty. Three men and 

 three boys, at \ls. a day, for the force, work the tackle ; water is 

 carted by one horse with a man or boy. Shifting takes 3 horses 

 for about 2 hours. The fuel consumed is half to three-quarters 

 of a ton of coal, at 13^. per ton. 



Mr. Paddison had let out his apparatus on two farms, and 

 cultivated about 60 acres twice over for 17^. per acre. He 

 intends setting the engine to grind and cut chatF. No difficulty 

 has been experienced in getting labourers to work the steam- 

 plough ; the engine-man is the farm-blacksmith, and the others 

 are ordinary farm hands. The clay farm used to require 14 

 horses, and now Mr. Paddison thinks that 9 will be sufficient. 



No. 64. Mr. J. R. Ealand, of Aisthorpe, near Lincoln. 

 Seven miles north of Lincoln, on the western edge of the' 

 " Heath " or " Cliff," or oolite-limestone range, and looking over 

 the valley of lias-clay and boulder-drift toward the Trent, wo 

 find Mr. Ealand's residence ; his farm of 700 acres arable, and 

 180 of old pasture, being one-half on the Heath and the remainder 

 in the Vale. The hill fields have a good loam soil, being what 

 is called " first-rate Cliff," with a deeper staple than is commonly 

 found over the limestone ; the largest part of the fields in the 

 Vale consist of heavy blue clay, with brown clay under it, or in 

 some places gravel, and round boulder-stones occur amongst the 

 clay. The other portions of the Vale fields are of heavy loam. 

 Ploughing used to be done 7 inches deep for fallow, with .'» 

 horses, or with 4 horses on the heaviest land ; shallower work for 

 wheat. Six ploughs, with 6 men, 6 boys, and IS horses, turned 



