December, '14] TOWER: LIFE HISTORY OF PROSPALTELLA 431 



latter case usually lying centrally within its body. These second-stage 

 larvse are not arrested in their development by the second parasite 

 within them in such cases, until after they have completed their growth 

 and passed their waste. In the spring these first-stage parasites con- 

 tinue their growth consuming the older second-stage parasite larvse 

 and after passing their waste pupate and emerge. 



Older forms of the parasite such as the second-stage larva, pupa 

 and adults have not been observed to winter over. 



It will be readily seen from the above that dormant or winter spray- 

 ing would not only kill the scale but also the parasite. 



Distribution 



This parasite has been reported from Massachtisetts, Pennsylvania 

 and the District of Columbia, and the examination of material re- 

 ceived from Drs. E. P. Felt, P. J. Parrott and W. E. Britton, entomolo- 

 gists in the states of New York and Connecticut, show the parasite 

 to be present in those states. 



Length of Life of the Adult 



It was noted that the adult parasite died on the average in two days, 

 when confined in test tubes plugged with cotton. Previous to this 

 time adults had been observed drinking or feeding on sap and also on 

 the bodies of crushed scales, so an experiment was tried in which the 

 insects were supplied with water. The parasites drank readily and 

 lived on an average four daj^s under this treatment. Honey water 

 w^as also tried, but the parasites did not live longer than those given 

 water. 



Fungous Enemies 



It has been noted that the same fungi which attacks the scales as 

 readily attacked the larval and pupal stages of the parasite, also that a 

 number of parasites confined in test tubes died from the attacks of a 

 species of Empusa. 



Predaceous Enemies 



The predaceous enemies of the scale, as Microweisia (Pentilia) mis- 

 ella, are incidentally destructive to the parasite in all its stages of devel- 

 opment except the adult stage. However, as yet predaceous enemies 

 of the scale in nowise control it and thus there is little danger of the 

 parasite being extensively destroyed even in ncAvly planted colonies. 



