R. N. Salaman 279 



is the fact that the Samaritans of to-day who live in the land of their 

 fore-fathers, have an unmistakable Jewish expression, and this though 

 their heads are dolichocephalic and those of the majority of Jews 

 brachycephalic. 



At this point one might with advantage consider the relation which 

 the existence of the Kohanim has to the question of Jewish type. 

 The Kohanim are the traditional descendants of the tribe of Aaron. 

 There is, of course, no written record of such descent, but the hall-mark, 

 as a rule, is shown by the name of Cohen or some modification of it. 

 It is not at all unusual, however, to find people not possessed of the 

 name of Cohen, who are still Kohanim. It is most improbable that 

 anyone could, and much less would, assume the title of Kohen without 

 having a right by birth because it conveys neither social distinction nor 

 advantage, whilst on the other hand, it brings in its train some un- 

 doubted disabilities, the chief of which directly concerns us and is, that 

 no Kohen, according to Jewish law, can marry a stranger, a proselyte 

 or the daughter of a proselyte, or a divorcee : so that we have 

 a sect whose descent may be regarded as strictly Jewish. If now we 

 review the physiognomies of the various Kohanim, it will be found that 

 they exhibit no type in any way distinct from that of other Jews. Every 

 phase of Jewish bodily form will find its representative amongst the 

 Kohanim, so that one is inclined very much to the view that whatever 

 value may be ascribed, and I personally think a very high one may be, 

 to the purity of descent of the Kohanim during the last 2000 years, 

 practically the same value may be ascribed to their brethren amongst 

 whom they live. 



What the elements are which go to make up the expression of 

 a face that is at once so elusive of description and yet so characteristic, 

 it is difficult to say. The nose is often peculiar, not because of its 

 length or even its convexity which may be often outdone in non-Jews, 

 but by the heavy development of the nostrils. Jacobs has described 

 this " nostrility " and has most aptly compared the Jewish nose to the 

 figure six with a long tail. Remove the tail, he says, and the Jewishness 

 will disappear. The eyes are generally elongated, and a fairly character- 

 istic feature is the length of the upper eyelid. The face which 

 exhibits the expression of Jewishness is never of the angular type with 

 square jaw, a type which is indeed extremely rare amongst Jews. Far 

 more usual is it to find rounded features, long sloping jaw, fairly 

 developed chin which is round and not square, a good-sized forehead 

 devoid of that angularity in the region of the temples which is not 



