248 Transactions of the Society. 



been before observed, and seen the latter change to the perfect 

 form. 



Larva a flattened elhpse, truncated anteriorly ; dorsal surface 

 coarsely reticulated, with a round 0{)aque central spot. From the 

 edge of the body project ten long, clear, stout spines, each doubly 

 curved, so as to approach the line of beauty in shape, and armed 

 with short spikes at intervals. Two rows of four similar spines on 

 back. 



The nymph is similar in shape, but the form of the ellipse 

 becomes broader with each change of skin ; it does not lose the 

 whole of the larval skin, but carries the dorso-abdominal portion of 

 that and of its own cast skins, in situ on the back, lying flat, and 

 concentrically. Texture same as larva, colour a trifle darker with 

 each change of skin. From the edge of the dorsal skin proceed 

 sixteen large trifid, or quadruple, somewhat chitinous projections, 

 the form and arrangement of which will be best understood by 

 reference to Plate IX. Fig. 2 ; the central lobe of each projection 

 carries a spine like the larval one, inserted (in appearance) like a 

 bird's quill; the small pointed portion of the projection which 

 springs from the base of this sj^ine, as shown in the figure, is 

 absent in some specimens. The spines and projections occurring 

 on each skin give the creature an effect of great complication. It 

 lives on the bark of old trees, under moss, and keeps flat on the 

 wood, thus its spines must form an efficient protection. 



Tegeocranus coriaceus. Koch. PL XI. Fig 1. 

 37. Carahodes coriaceus. Koch, fasc. 3, pi. 15. 

 Average length about • 62 mm. 

 „ breadth „ "4 „ 



Found at Epping Forest. 



Opening for mouth organs almost entirely closed by labimn ; 

 second joint of palpus only slightly thicker than third, fifth joint 

 not toothed ; mandibles short and strong. Whole creature very 

 black, but dark red brown where seen by transmitted light (as in 

 the stigmata). 



Form bhort and broad; ceplialothorax very broad, flat, tri- 

 angular, and joined to abdomen by the full breadth of the former ; 

 median part (longitudinally) depressed and lighter in colour; 

 central (also longitudinally) m this light space are two small raised 

 black ridges, so close together as to appear one ; these commence in 

 the centre of the cephalothorax and extend back to near the 

 abdomen, then cease abruptly. Sides of cephalothorax raised along 

 the whole length, extending laterally into broad, horizontal 

 expansions, pointed anteriorly, broadest posteriorly, where they 

 turn inwards at acute angles, become more raised, as though turned 

 on edge, and follow the curve of the abdomen ; before reaching the 



