28 JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY [Vol. 10 



The camera is fastened to the vertical pertion of the bracket and a 

 tripod stay is advisable as the weight of the camera is at one side (PI. 

 1, fig. 2). A view camera is much more convenient for this purpose 

 than the average hand camera, as both the front and back can be 

 racked up and down on the bed. 



Enlarging Outfit. — With the use of the small camera and the 

 increasing demand for enlargements for exhibition purposes, an en- 

 larging outfit is a necessary part of the entomologist's photographic 

 equipment. Our enlarger consists of a box in which is mounted a 

 "Parallex" reflector; the front of the box is fitted with ground glass 

 and a negative carrier to which our regular 5x7 camera is attached 

 (PI. 1, fig. 5.). The enlarged image is projected upon an easel which 

 slides back and forth on a board. The " parallex " is a concave reflector 

 with a series of mirrors each of which gives an individual reflection of 

 the incandescent bulb, for which a socket is provided at the center of 

 the reflector. Our reflector covers a 5 x 7 plate, has 64 mirrors, and 

 the maximum illumination is obtained with a 300-watt nitrogen-filled 

 bulb. The cost is much less than that of a pair of good condensers 

 covering the same sized plate, and in some respects is more satis- 

 factory. With sufficient distance to move the easel, and a good nega- 

 tive, the size of the enlargement is limited only by the size of the devel- 

 oping trays. With a long bellows on the camera the apparatus is 

 equally convenient for making lantern slides by reduction. This 

 outfit is in the dark room where the space is limited and is mounted 

 on a shelf that was formerly used for printing. The enlarging easel is 

 removable and the board support slides under the shelf out of the way 

 (PI. 1, fig. 6). The camera and negative carrier can readily be re- 

 moved and we have an excellent light for printing, so that the two 

 feet of shelf space which the box occupies is not missed. 



Plate Developer and Paper.^ — Ortho- or isochromatic plates 

 are used for practically all our work. Color screens are used when 

 considered practicable. The plates are covered as much as possible 

 during development, as there are no dark room lights which are abso- 

 lutely safe with color value plates. Copies of charts or line drawings 

 intended for lantern slides are usually photographed directly upon a 

 lantern slide plate, developed in the lantern slide or contrast developer, 

 and the slide printed by contact. 



Pyro is one of the best developing agents for plates and is usually 

 employed. Most workers have their favorite formula or developer 

 so that it is not necessary to give one here. My experience is that 

 many formulas call for too much sodium carbonate and too little 

 water to give soft negatives of good gradation. The developer can 

 often be modified to meet special requirements. The entomologist, 



