62 JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY [Vol. 10 



not almost identical climatic conditions. This table shows that, 

 with a few exceptions, which latter are to be expected, it was possible 

 to approximate the percentage of fruit showing this side blemish, by 

 taking a definite proportion from the percentage of total wormy. 

 This for the three plots sprayed once, was one-half and for the plots 

 sprayed two and three times and the check trees, one-third, with the 

 exception of the check tree in the Albion orchard. This latter, as 

 may be seen by referring to the first tabulation, bore a small crop and 

 a very large number of wormy apples. The percentages calculated in 

 this manner varied from the actual by less than one and in a number 

 of instances by only one-half of 1 per cent or considerably less. This 

 may be only a striking coincidence. It seems to us very probable 

 that, broadly speaking, there is a somewhat definite relation between 

 the "shallow" infested apples and the total wormy, and this would 

 certainly be the case if the young codling moth larvae reacted to an 

 hereditary instinct and excavated a temporary mine in leaf or apple, 

 as the case might be, before working into deeper tissues. It is not 

 even suggested that the proportions mentioned above would apply to 

 all orchards. The probabilities are distinctly against this, since there 

 are undoubtedly years and sections where a much larger proportion 

 of eggs is deposited on the leaves than on the fruit; for example, one 

 branch in an orchard near Lockport was examined by Mr. L. F. 

 Strickland, state nursery inspector, July 24 last, and on 38 apples 

 he found four eggs, and on the 171 leaves only one, a condition by no 

 means unusual in western New York, judging from our own observa- 

 tions. 



The apparent reduction of one-sixth of the total infestation, the 

 difference between one-half and one-third of the wormy apples is not 

 necessarily an indication that the second spraying, applied about 

 three weeks after blooming, is efficient to that extent in eliminating 

 side injury. The mere fact that one-third of all the wormy show the 

 shallow type of injury on both the plots sprayed two and three times, 

 and the check trees, with the exception noted above, would raise a 

 question as to the real significance of this variation. It is, practically 

 speaking, comparatively slight and we believe that the probabilities 

 are against this variation being especially significant. It is a source of 

 regret that no conclusive date along this line can be submitted. 



A similar condition obtains if we compare the yields of the ex- 

 perimental plots in the Kendall orchard for 1915 and 1916. It should 

 be stated that the plots were identical, the treatment was the same in 

 two successive years, and the crop on each plot was practically the 

 same as the year before. Considerable more spray was applied in 

 1916 and the work was very thorough. The percentage of wormy 



