134 JOURXAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY [Vol. 10 



material softer and more oily. Too much of it, however, gives a 

 product which will not stand up under summer heat. A harder prod- 

 uct can be made by the addition of more pitch or larger quantities of 

 rosin oil and slaked lime. 



The cost of the materials used (prices paid by the Department of 

 Agriculture in the Spring of 1916) were as follows: — The high boiling 

 coal tar neutral oil, 45^ per gallon (about AJ^ per pound) and the coal 

 tar pitch, 11)^ per gallon (about 1.1^ per pound). They were both 

 obtained from the Barrett Manufacturing Company, Philadelphia, 

 Pa. The rosin oil ("Kidney" oil) was furnished by the John A. Casey 

 Company of New York at 36^ per gallon (about 4.32|ii per pound). 

 The quick lime cost 65 (^ per barrel of 200 lbs. (about 0.33^ per pound). 

 Based upon these figures the tree banding material cost 4.14^ per 

 pound distributed as follows: Pitch 0.03^, Rosin oil 1.49c^, Coal tar 

 neutral oil 2.60^, and Lime 0.02^. These prices do not include con- 

 tainers. Metal containers with bail and cover, holding 25 pounds and 

 strong enough to bear shipment without crating will cost about 25|i 

 each. If the material were packed in barrels the additional cost per 

 pound would be very small. 



It is possible that a cheaper commercial coal tar distillate, such as 

 road oil, might be substituted for the comparatively expensive coal 

 tar neutral oil, thus bringing the cost of the material even lower. 



It is evident that this material is considerably cheaper than any suc- 

 cessful banding material that is now on the market. Pound for pound, 

 the tree banding material will cover about two-thirds as many lineal 

 feet as tree tanglefoot, but as the trees do not have to be scraped be- 

 fore applying the former band, the labor is reduced so that a large sav- 

 ing is made by using this material. The bands remain on the trees 

 during the winter and can be moistened with turpentine in the spring 

 so that they will be effctive for two seasons. 



President C. Gordon Hewitt: The paper is now open for dis- 

 cussion. 



Mr. W. E. Hinds : I would like to ask whether on highways where 

 dust is abundant the effectiveness of the bands is reduced? 



Mr. A.'F. Burgess: The effectiveness of these bands is not reduced 

 as much as in the case of tanglefoot bands, but they require more at- 

 tention when there is an abundance of dust. 



Mr. p. J. Parrott: I would like to ask if any allowance has to be 

 made for high temperature as summer advances, or for excessive pre- 

 cipitation. 



Mr. a. F. Burgess: No. 



