390 JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY [Vol. 10 



taken from parts of kegs of the paste which were said to have been 

 left over from the previous sprayings which had caused the injury. 

 The labels were in some cases obscure, but from the information 

 gathered from the labels, from statements by the growers and by the 

 dealer supplying the arsenicals, it seems that the five samples repre- 

 sented at least three different brands of lead arsenate. Examination 

 revealed the fact that they were all of the acid type. None of them 

 contained an unusual or dangerous amount of soluble arsenic. In 

 fact, one of the samples showed only a trace of soluble arsenic. The 

 samples were in all respects normal as far as could be determined. 

 Furthermore, the samples representing three different brands, it seetns 

 improhahle that all three of the companies should happen to produce a poor 

 grade of material at the same time. 



The orchard of Mr. August Nielson in the Evergreen district near 

 San Jose was visited, which consisted principally of apricots. There 

 were, however, three rows of apple trees running across this orchard. 

 The whole orchard was sprayed with acid lead arsenate on April 13. 

 Five pounds of- lead arsenate were used to the 100 gallons. Foliage 

 injury and dropping of leaves and fruit was noticed before the first of 

 May following. The whole orchard was uniformly sprayed with the 

 strength of arsenical given above. It was noticed that spray injury 

 occurred on the foliage of all of the apricot trees while no injury could 

 be detected upon the foliage of the apple trees. The point brought 

 out by the above observation is that the stone fruits only were injured, 

 that the apple trees were uninjured, and that the lead arsenate used 

 could not be considered of poor grade. 



The adjacent orchard of Mr. R. Chaboya was also visited. This 

 orchard consisted almost entirely of prune trees. Only a part of the 

 trees in this orchard were sprayed, some of which were sprayed twice 

 and some once. It was observed that the most defoliation resulted 

 where two sprayings had been made. Wherever the trees had been 

 sprayed, foliage injury was apparent. No foliage injury was observed 

 upon the trees which had not been sprayed. This observation, as well 

 as similar observations on other orchards, leaves no room for doubt 

 that the injury had been caused by the spray. 



Observations were also made on a prune orchard owned by Mr. F. J. 

 Shepherd, Edenvale. Only a part of the trees had been sprayed. 

 Those sprayed uniformly showed injury, while those not sprayed 

 showed no injury. This observation confirmed the above. Many 

 other orchards were visited. To record the observations made would 

 largely be a repetition of the above. It was noticed, however, in this 

 connection that occasionally a pear or an apple tree had been sprayed 

 with the arsenical and in no instance could injury be detected, while 



