October, '17] BUSCK: MARMARA ELOTELLA 493 



larval trophi. Labrum (Ir) immovably fused with head and bears near its anterior 

 edge six short spines. Mandibles (md) flat, well developed, with median margin 

 serrated, and cross each other similar to the blades of a pair of scissors. In this 

 species their function is still obscure. MaxiUae (mx) present, consisting of three 

 visible segments; a large papiUa-like terminal segment bearing laterally a spine near 

 its tip; at the internal distal end of the basal joint are two long bristles which prob- 

 ably correspond to the lacinia of other lepidopterous maxillae. Labium or spinneret 

 (sp) well developed with labial palpi present. Antennae similar to those of the min- 

 ing larva but bear two long bristles on the second joint instead of one as in the min- 

 ing larva. Ocelli, two pairs with lenses present. On lateral border of head five 

 bristles, three situated near the ocelli and two just anterior to the junction of the head 

 and prothorax. Three more bristles are visible from dorsal view which arise from 

 ventro-lateral margin of head, two near the ocelli and one near the posterior border 

 of the head. 



Body. With the exception of the head the body wall of each segment is covered 

 with spine-like processes, like those found on the anterior fourth of each body segment 

 of the larva. From the side of each segment projects a fairly long bristle, with the 

 exception of the first and last two segments which bear two each. A pair of rudi- 

 mentary legs on each thoracic segment (1, 2 and 3) and a bilobed structure on the 

 ventral side of the last abdominal segment which may function as anal prolegs or may 

 be only a part of the thirteenth segment. No true prolegs of any kind. Last three 

 abdominal segments shrunken and drawTi forward. 



Formation and Situation of Cocoon. — Heretofore all species of 

 this genus have been described as emerging from the mines and spinning 

 their cocoons in protected crevices, and according to Clemens and 

 Busck, characteristically ornamented by frothy globules. 



As mentioned above, the mining larva upon reaching maturity re- 

 mains quiescent at one side of its mine and gradually becomes more 

 cyhndrical during the process of forming the intermediate pseudo- 

 pupal stage, resulting in an upward pressure upon the epidermal cov- 

 ering of the tunnel which finally splits away from the twig at the op- 

 posite side of the mine. In all probability the mining larva weakens 

 the epidermal covering with its mandibles before entering the quiescent 

 stage. As the epidermis breaks away the spinning larva emerges and 

 soon spins a few threads which help cause the cuticle to shrink and form 

 a longitudinal fold under which the white, unornamented silken cocoon 

 is spun (Fig. 24, 7). 



Upon completion of the cocoon the spinning larva transforms to the 

 pupa, which occurs during the latter part of June and early July. 

 The spinning larva exuvium is very delicate and shrinks to form a com- 

 pact ball at the posterior end of the cocoon. 



Pupa (Fig. 24, 3): 



Length 3.5 mm., width 0.7 mm. Newly formed pupa pale yellow showing a red- 

 dish tinge beneath the dorsum of the third, fourth, and fifth abdominal segments, but 

 later becoming brownish with black markings on the wings. Proximal part of the 

 labial palpi not covered by maxillae. Maxillae more than half the length of wings and 

 longer than prothoracic legs. A very stout spear-like projection covered with blimt 



