August 4, 1866. ] 



JOURNAL OF HOETICtrLTTJEE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 



83 



suaded, not so extensively known as they ought to be. 

 When I saw them at Messrs. Erasers' last year I noted 

 them as amongst the best of the then new ones, and the 

 magnificence of these two blooms fiilly justified my pre- 

 ference. Then there were Gloire de Vitry ; Madame Boutin ; 

 Jean Bart ; Pi-aire de Terre Noire, with more stutf in it than 

 ever I have seen ; Louise de Savoie (Tea), very beautiful ; 

 Louis XIV. ; Charles Lefebvre, grand ; Celine Porestier ; 

 Duchesse d'Orleans ; Glou'e de Santenay, equal to Senateur 

 Vaisse ; Madame Clemence Joigneux, I do not regard this 

 flower as like John Hopper — it is more open, not so com- 

 pact ; Madame Julie Daran ; La BrUlante ; Alphonse Da- 

 mazin, very fine ; Mathuiin Regnier ; Pourpre d'Orleans ; 

 General Castellane; Gloire de Bordeaux (Tea), this Rose 

 has this year come very dark and disappointed growers — I 

 fear it was too much of a Gascon, but sometimes I have 

 seen it very beautiful ; Prince Leon ; Due de Cazes ; Robert 

 Fortune, very curious ; Souvenir de Comte Cavour, most 

 beautiful ; Catherine Guillot ; Olivier Delhomme, beautiful ; 

 L'Eblouissante; Virginal, a lovely bloom, equalling Made- 

 moiselle Bonnaire in her best days ; Triomphe de I'Expo- 

 sition ; Monsiexu- Joigneux ; Vicomte Vigier ; Devoniensis ; 

 Senateur Vaisse, a splendid bloom ; Lord Raglan ; Evcque 

 de Nimes, as only Mr. Keynes can grow it; Franpois Pre- 

 miere ; Mademoiselle Eugenie Verdier ; Madame Furtado, 

 fine, pity 'tis she is so delicate ; Madame Charles Wood, 

 very fine ; Francois Lacharme ; Reynolds Hole ; Professor 

 Koch, beautiful shape ; and Madame Charles Crapelet. In 

 Messrs. Paul & Sous' were Lord Clyde, very fine ; Madame 

 Charles Wood; Loi-d Raglan, a beautiful scai-let; Madame 

 Boutin ; Eveque de Nimes ; Triomphe de Caen ; Cardinal 

 Patrizzi ; Gloire de Santenay ; Christian Puttner, very good ; 

 La Boule d'Or, very fine ; La Reine ; Madame WUliani 

 Paul ; Madame Charles Crapelet ; and Senateur Vaisse. 

 Mr. W. Paul had in his collection, which obtained the thii-d 

 prize. Beauty of Waltham ; Eugene Appert ; Louise Mag- 

 nan ; Souvenir d'EUse (Tea), veiy fine; Bougere (Tea); 

 Senateur Vaisse ; and Eniile Dulao. 



In the Class for 50, three trusses of each, Mr. Keynes 

 was again first. The most noticeable of his blooms were 

 Olivier Delhomme, Vicomte Vigier, Praii-e de Ten-e Noh-e, 

 Celine Forestier, Virginal, Triomphe de Rennes, Clement 

 Marot, L'Eblouissante, Senatem- Vaisse, Gloire de Bordeaux, 

 Charles Lefebvre, Mademoiselle Eugenie Verdier, Beauty 

 of Waltham, Madame Charles Wood, and Gloire de San- 

 tenay. In Messrs. Paul & Sons' collection, which obtained 

 second prize, there were fine blooms of Beauty of Waltham, 

 Eugene Appert, Lord Clyde (which promises to be a most 

 useful flower). Prince Leon, Baronne de Nou-mont, Pauline 

 Lanzezeur, Louis XIV., Souvenir de Leveson Gower, Com- 

 tesse CecUe de ChabriUant, and Madame Furtado. Mr. 

 Francis was third, and had flne blooms of Duo de Cazes, 

 Anna de Diesbach, General Jacqueminot, Madame Vidot, 

 Souvenir de Leveson Gower, Lord Raglan, Duchesse d'Or- 

 leans, Triomphe de Rennes, and Prince CamOle de Rohan, 

 which promises to be one of the best dark Roses we have. 



As I have already intimated. Amateurs did not come out in 

 very full force; Mr. Coi-p, of Milford, being first in both classes, 

 and Mr. J. C. Periy, of Birmingham, second. Amongst the 

 flowers of the former gentleman I noticed Senateur Vaisse, 

 General Jacqueminot, Acidalie, and Souvenir de Comte Ca- 

 vour; and amongst Mr. Perry's, Comtesse de ChabriUant, 

 Senatem- Vaisse, General Jacqueminot, and Glou-e de Dijon ; 

 but in truth, after looking at the splendid flowers in the 

 Nurserymen's Class, one's eye became dissatisfied with, no 

 demerit to them, the inferior blooms of the Amateurs. 



Mr. Charles Turner exhibited some fine Pelargoniums, 

 taking into account especially the time at which they were 

 exhibited. They were compact plants and of newer kinds 

 than we see ordinarily at the earlier shows, comprising 

 MuriUo, Regina Foi-mosa, Rosine Margottin, Lord Clyde, 

 Tycoon, Lord Palmerston, and Conflagration. He had, also, 

 two splendid stands of Carnations and Picotees, which justly 

 excited the admiration of all the visitors, who might well 

 wonder that no better encouragement has been given to 

 such lovely flowers. Amongst Picotees I noticed especially 

 a seedling purple. Flower of the Day, Maid of Clifton, Col. 

 Clark, Northern Star, and Garibaldi ; while amongst Car- 

 nations, Samuel Moreton, Duke of Wellington, Seedling 1282, 

 Flora's Garland, Florence Nightingale, Fanny Gardener, 



Squire Meynell, Confederate, Splendour, and W. Chapman 

 were conspicuously fine, although I may say that it was a 

 matter of extreme difficulty to select where all were excellent. 



In Hollyhocks, Messrs. Downie, Lau-d, & Laing, of Stan- 

 stead Park, sent some magnificent blooms. Amongst them 

 were fine blooms of George Keith, Stanstead Rival, Excel- 

 sior, In Memoriam, Lady Dacres, Pm-ple Prince, Walden 

 Mastei-piece, Mi-s. F. Mackenzie, and Sambo. 



Messrs. Paul & Son had another collection, the best of 

 which were Morning Star, Illuminator, and General Havelock. 



There were also some fine stands of Verbenas, Mr. PeiTy, 

 of Bu-mingham, taking first prize with a fine coUectiou, 

 amongst which were Nemesis, Geant des BataiUes, Mag- 

 nificus, Foxhunter, and some promising seedlings. 



Dahlias, too, were exhibited by Mi-. Charles Turner ; and 

 some stands of Pansies, although the season of the year was 

 too far advanced for them, by Downie & Co. and other 

 gi-owers ; but no one, I think, could fail to see how much 

 of attraction had been added to the Exhibition by the 

 many fine stands of florists' flowers, and the miscellaneous 

 objects sent in. I have already alluded to Mr. Cutbush's 

 table decorations. Messrs. A. Henderson's hanging-baskets 

 were also excellent. Mr. Williams, of HoUoway, too, had 

 some very pretty stands, an-anged with Caladiums and other 

 plants beneath them growing in cocoa-nut fibre, and I have 

 been surprised to see how well they thrive, and for how long 

 a time too in such situations. Altogether there was enough 

 to satisfy all comers ; and if the future of the Alexandra 

 Park Company is to be measured by its opening, it has a 

 long career of success before it. It is but fair to add, that 

 notwithstanding the unlooked-for pressure laid upon him. 

 Ml-. Mackenzie was enabled to evolve order out of the chaos, 

 so that when the Show opened no one would have believed 

 what it had been so short a time previously, and he, more- 

 over, managed to do it all with extreme kindness and 

 courtesy to all concerned. — D., Deal. 



BOILERS. 



(Concluded from page 62.) 



By the points advocated in my last communication I will 

 test a few of the boilers now in use. 



Saddle Boilek.. — It exposes a large surface to the direct, 

 but an inconsiderable amount to the indii-ect, action of the 

 fire; holds alai-ge body of water; is not liable to get out of 

 order, nor to be soon worn out; being wider at top than 

 bottom, the circulation is sluggish ; and even the flues re- 

 quu-e fi-equent cleaning out, or it heats more slowly than 

 usual. It cannot be repaii-ed, but it seldom needs repair; 

 it heats slowly ; is the easiest managed of all boilers ; burns 

 coal well, and when the di-aught is good, coke also ; requii-es 

 frequent attention ; is difficult to regulate, and for the most 

 part incapable of being cleaned out, but that, of course, 

 could soon be rectified. A saddle boiler costing d£20 exposes 

 about 25 feet of sm-face to the direct action of the flre, and 

 about the same quantity indirectly. Now this surfaee mea- 

 sm-ed by an engineer's standard — a foot of exposed surface 

 will heat to 212° 25 gallons of water — shows the heating 

 powers to be 50 x 25 = 1250 gallons, or, with the water in 

 boiler, 500 feet of fom--inch pipe ; but the boiler in practice 

 wfll heat more than the calculated amount of piping. I 

 would not adopt such a mode of calculating, for much 

 depends on the heat of the fii-e and the material giving 

 the heat. Coke when biu-ning is nearly as hot again as 

 slack coal undergoing the same changes. I consider 20 feet 

 of sm-face directly exposed will heat more water than 100 feet 

 of surface indirectly exposed to the action of the fire, or, 

 in other words, 1 foot of direct sm-face to heat 50 gallons 

 of water, and 1 foot of indirect to heat 10 gallons only, and 

 if we adopt that mode of calculation a ready estimate is 

 afforded of the heating powers of a boiler. 



In my opinion the fire ought to heat the lowest part of a 

 boiler first ; but if the fire strikes or heats the lowest parts, 

 and the return-pipe comes pei-pendicularly (except a short 

 bend), into the boUer, the heated water may nse up it 

 instead of passing through the boUer to the flow-pipe, and 

 should that take place the water cannot flow fi-eely. In a 

 saddle boUer this is prevented, for the greatest heat is at 

 the upper part of the saddle, so that if the water becomes 



