118 



JOUENAL OP HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 



[ August 11, 1863. 



PoLANDS. — First, B. Loft, Woodmansey. Second, H. Beldon, Gilstead. 



Hambukghs (Oolden-^pangled). —First, H. Beldon. Second, \V. Horner, 

 Dritfield. t'/(i(7ic«5.— Prize, J. Murgatroyd, Biihop Burton. Cock.— a, A. 

 Hudson. Onsohft'. 



Hamburgh (Silver-Rpangled).— First, H. Beldon. Second, S. Campling, 

 Cottinchara. C'hirkens. —Prize, H. Beldon. Cock —Prize, H. Beldon. 



Baubueghs (Golden-pencilled)— First, H. Beldon. Second, W. Gofton, 

 Dnifield. Chickens.— Pvize, H. beldon. Cock.— J. Ellerby, Helmslcy. 



Hamburghs I Silver-pencilled). — First, H. Beldon. Second. J. Falkner, 

 Hunmanby. Cfiickens.— Prize, H. Beldon. Cock. — Prize, H. Beldon. 



Any other Distinct BREtn not Named.— Firtt, H. Beldon. Second, 

 E.Adams. CTiicicHS —Prize, W. Gofton. Coc*;— Prize. R. Loft. 



Farmyard Cross. — First, II. Gowden. Bridlington. Second, J. Hilton, 

 Cottingham. Toc^.- Prize, G. Robinson, Frodingbam. 



Bantams (Black and White).— First, R. M. Stark. Second, 0. Mosey, 

 Skerne. Cock. — Prize. R. M. Stark. 



Bantams (Any other variety).- First, W. Gofton. Second, H. Beldon. 

 CocA.— Prize, W. Gofton. 



Geese.— First, Mrs. Young, Driffield. Second, Mrs. Conyere, Elmewell. 

 GosUttffs.— Prize, J. Biiiini-ter, Fridaythrop. 



TuBKKYs.— First, Mrs. Dawton, Driilield. Second, R M. Stark. PouHs. 

 — Prize, T. D.iwson. 



Guinea Fowl?. — Prize, Mrs Robinson, Nafferton. 



Ducks (Aylesbui-y). — Prize, O. A. Young, Driffield. 



Ducks (Rouen).— First, J. Braim, Pickering. Second, T. Baker, Hoving- 

 ham. Ducklings. — Prize, O. A. Young. 



Ducks (Any other variety).- First, J. R. Jessop, Hull. Second, 0. A. 

 Young. Ducklings. — Prize, Mrs. Jordan, Eastbuni. 



PlOEONS. — Cro/);)crs.— Prize, W. Watson, Beverley. Carriers.- Prize, 

 W. Watson. Trumpeters. — Prize, T. Rippon, Beverley. Jacobins. — Prize, 

 "W. Watson. Fantails.— Prize, F. Key, Beverley. Tumblers. — Prize, T. 

 Rippon. Barbs. — Prize. W. Watson. Jfuns. — Plize, F. Key. Other 

 Varieties.— Prize, J. R. Trenam, Helinsley. 



Rabbits (Any breed). — Prize, G. R. Y'oung, Driffield. 



Messrs. ChaHoner and Smith were Judges. 



EGGS CHILLED DURING SITTING. 



I HAVE just received your No. US: and although 1 have 

 done with poultry, so far as England is concerned, for some 

 time, I think it but right to add my mite in reply to " Eggs 

 Sat Upon, and then Chilled." 



Sebright Bantams aa'e proverbial for unfertile eggs. This 

 was the cause of the addled eggs. A hen sitting on eggs 

 from 10 P.M. to daylight would hardly be worse than a hen 

 laying in a stolen nest, and would do no harm. I have had 

 much worse tricks played than this, and hatched aU, and La 

 one instance a hen was kept accidentally off her nest the 

 day of hatching until the eggs were cold, and hatched half 

 the next morning. This was a common hen and eggs. 



Of Cochins, I have had the eggs quite cold three times in 

 the three weeks, and saved two-thirds ; and just prior to leav- 

 ing Hilsea a Game Bantam hen let her eggs get cold twice in 

 the first week of sitting. My man shut her in, and the eggs 

 getting veiy dirty I took them out, and washed every one, 

 put them under a Cochin hen five days before their time, 

 and she brought seven out of nine out ; and I may also add 

 I have had hens sit at night, and stand over and on the 

 eggs in the day for two or three days, and had to shift them 

 to other hens that hatched them. All these results have 

 been with Cochin-China. 



As I shall not see your Journal for some time again, I 

 shall not be able to reply to any inquii-ies. 



I should think from the tenth day the eggs would be 

 more likely to be spoilt by getting cold than sooner; and 

 the first two days could hardly be of much consequence. 

 But chickens fi'om eggs that have been chilled are not so 

 strong as those that have been properly sat upon. — H. Has- 

 SAJiD, Major R.E., Quebec. 



I AM very glad to find others are interested in the reasons 

 for eggs not hatciiing. I waited until to-day, wishing to 

 know whether a hen sitting on Sebright eggs would produce 

 any chicks, before answering the query of " T. B. A. Z." I 

 purchased from Mr. Harvey Bayley a cock and three hens, 

 Sebrights, first-class birds, and anticipated a good many 

 chickens from them, having sat upwards of fifty eggs. They 

 are in a large compartment of an aviary. I send a list of 

 Bantam eggs, and time of hatching. 



May 31st. — Fifteen eggs, the whole addled. 



June 9th. — Five eggs under a Bantam, all addled. 



June 10th. — Five eggs under a Bantam, aU addled. 



June 29th. — Seven eggs under a Cochin, sis hatched. 



July 30th. — Nine eggs under a light common hen, all 

 addled. 



August 3rd. — Fourteen eggs under a light common hen, 

 all addled. 



From the above list you win see I have not .a Bantam 

 chick this season,«a serious disappointment it is. The whole 

 of the eggs except those whose time of hatching was the 

 29th of June, were quite addled : therefore, in my opinion 

 had been good eggs. Than the six hatched I never saw 

 stronger chickens, but the clumsy Cochin managed to trample 

 the whole to death before a week. No hens could sit better 

 or closer than all the above. 



I have now sat a hen (not on Bantam eggs) as an ex- 

 periment, numbering the eggs 1 to 9. I placed the eggs 

 under her at 10 o'clock at night, and on the following night 

 at the same hour I toot No. 1 away and replaced it at 

 10 o'clock the following morning. At 10 o'clock at night I 

 took No. 2 away, and returned it at 10 the following morning. 

 No. 3 the same, and I purpose with the remainder to give 

 three days between, and ch illin g each twelve hoiu's. 



The result of this experiment I shall be hapi^y to send 

 you, if worth youi" notice. 1 have been thus particular in 

 naming the time I purpose chilling the eggs, as probably 

 out of yoiu' numerous correspondents you will have some 

 who may feel inclined to try the same plan, and might 

 change the hom-s of chilling, &c. — Evesham. 



[We shall be very much obliged by a report of the resvilt 

 of your experiment, and wish some of our coiTCspondents 

 would institute similar experiments, and furnish us with the 

 results relative to other varieties and kinds of poultry, in- 

 cluding Turkeys, Geese, and Ducks. — Eds.] 



FOUL BEOOD— DESTEUCTIVE EFFECTS OF 

 CHLOROFOEM. 



I AM glad to hear the "Devonshire Bee-keeper" has 

 found out the cause of his bees dwindling away ; and would 

 he be good enough to say what is foul brood, and the cause 

 of it, and how it would be known ? 



I observe you recommend chloroform for bees. I am afraid 

 it will be found not to answer, as I tried it with two hives a 

 few years since and it killed every bee ; besides, the honey- 

 comb killed every bee that went on it, and the hives were 

 not fit to use for a long time after, and the honey poisoned 

 all the bees I gave it to. It is a very curious chemical and 

 absorbs the moisture from the atmosphere, so that you can 

 never get it twice alike, and, consequently, the quantity yoti 

 recommend, if good, is too strong. I would advise your 

 correspondent to use the fungus instead ; and if properly 

 done, putting the bees up with a bee-cloth and keeping 

 them in a warm place, if the weather is cold, they will soon 

 come round, and you will hardly find one dead. — B. B. 



[Foul brood is, as its name implies, a disease which attacks 

 the young lai-vse in their various stages of development. At 

 first only a few die, but as these putrefy in their cells the 

 infection spreads, xintil very few bees arrive at maturity, and 

 the stock dwindles and ultimately perishes. The cause of 

 its outbreak among my bees was, as I have before stated, 

 my unwittingly making use of the combs from infected 

 cottage-hives. German apiaa-ians attribute it generally to 

 the use of American or West Indian honey for feeding ; and 

 if they are con-ect in this, it probably ai-ises fiom the disease 

 being prevalent in these countries, and much of the honey 

 exported being, therefore, tainted with its fatal virus. The 

 subject appears to me of such vital importance, being the 

 probable exphanation of a great many hitherto-inexplicable 

 failures in bee-keeping, that, with the permission of the 

 Editors, I intend entering upon it at some length, and quot- 

 ing the opinions of the most reliable German and American 

 authorities. 



I can indorse all that is said as to the murderous effects 

 of chloroform upon bees. I am of opinion that the late 

 Mr. Payne never himself submitted it to the test of experi- 

 ment, a,nd am satisfied that if he had survived to edit the 

 enlarged edition of his very useful little work, he would have 

 expunged the passage quoted fi'om page 27, and very pro- 

 bably have substituted an emphatic condemnation. I have 

 also reason to believe that fumigation by fungus shortens 

 the lives of bees subjected to it, however perfectly they may 

 appear to recover at the time, and is, therefore, but one 

 degree less mischievous than chloroform. No humane bee- 

 keeper should rest satisfied until he has mastered the art of 



