AugQbt 13, 186a. ] 



JOUKNAL OF HOETICULTUEE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 



135 



Ornamental Fencb {A Subscriber), — Peeled oak cmd-wood makes a 

 lirBt-clabs rueiic leiice, UHd us ptculiar forms may be arruiiged lo suit 

 almo-'t all tustes. An examinatiou of a rusiic chair will sugythi bometliing- 

 of the appearance of oak cord-wood made into a fence ; but you cun have 

 It placed to suit your own fancy, fur rustic work is orndnienial m pro- 

 portion to ita rudeness. A fence of this kind covered witU Aytshiie Koses 

 18 one of the finest objects in a garden. The branches ot the Knglish Maple 

 1 Acer campettre), are tlie best ot all wood to form a rustic ornamental fence ; 

 but they can rareiy be had. The thinnings ot L,an;h plaiitaliuns are most used, 

 and may be made to asaume a variety of lormg, ihe coninioneat of all being 

 upright posts drivin luto ilie grouna close enough to keep sheep out, with 

 a half pole on top for capping. This is commonly known as tbe Scotch 

 fence. Auy joiner would suggest to you several shapes and put them 

 together m squaree, triangles, or diamonds to buIl your ta-te. We Ctmnot 

 undertake to give sketches ;or projected undertaking?, though always 

 happy to criticise those forwarded toUE^. We are persuaded that lew things 

 equal a. neat low iron fence which is all but invisible, and still answers Ihe 

 purposes of a hedge. It you wish tor something more apparent to the eye, 

 we would recommend larcb poles 3 leet 6 inches high to be driven into the 

 ground at 9 inches apart, and at every 12 feet to put in a pole 12 leet long, 

 i-o as to leave 9 leet out of the grouud. from tbe top of one pule to the top of 

 the next stretch a tarred rope, allo»ving it to f.ill in the middle 3 feet from 

 the horizontal, and nail it to the ti.p of each post. We would then plant a 

 clitHbmg Kose and a pillar Kose aL-o, as wtrll as a plant of Uoneyauckle at 

 the foot ot each post i and put m 8weet Briars, Honeysuckles, climbing 

 Koses, and Clematises along the fence. This would give the finest rustic 

 fence imaginable.— G. A. 



Kew Gardkns {Jui'enis).~-Yo\i might ascertain from Mr. Smith, the 

 curator, whether they have a vycancy. 



ViHr.s IN Pots (^/;j/ia). — If tbe wood of your Vines is becoming a little 

 brown, give ail the air and as much eunlighc asjou can, and in a week 

 place them in the front ot a south fence and fa=ien the rods to it, so as to 

 brow^n them well, giving merely as much water us will prevent flagging. 

 You will need lees water if you mulch the pots. 



DfiYiKG Tobacco Leaves (Idem).— Cut the flowers off the tobacco plants, 

 except a few pods for seed, atrip off tbe large leaves, run a string through 

 them ut the illicit end, and hang Uieni in a shed 1 in*:h apart leaf iri..m leaf. 

 When dried, press them very tiiiuly into a box or basket. Wben heaLed a 

 little, unpack tliem and dry them again ; then pack them agiiiu, and repeal 

 this packing and unpacking until at last you paL:k and there i^ no smoking 

 from tliem. Leaves thus treated and cut up will be capital lur tuuuyatiou 

 and for cigars too. 



Gladiolus Disease— Cheeey Aphis {C. J?.)-— The disease in Gladioluses 

 13 Tery prevalent, and may have beeu brought on by the three last auverse 

 reasons, which have nut been warm enough to ripen the bulbs properly. 

 An eastern aspect is certainly not a good one fur anything, but quite good 

 enough for Cuernes, which Qo ijetttr a,.-* dwari pyramids or stanuiirds tbun 

 against a wall with any aspect. The bUck blight, however, is sufiicieiit to 

 cause the bjireuiiess of your trees. It is the uuerry apliis, the woratof the 

 kind to ett'ectually destroy. The best cure is to go over the trees on the 

 brst appearance ot the pest, and tqueezi; ihe points of the shoots or leaves 

 oetweeu the nngerp, and atter that syringing the trees strongly with water 

 heated to 12U°. Very strong toba co water will kill the pe=t, but it injares 

 the shooib and, tliereiore, cannot be applifd. We have louiia Page's blight 

 Composition very serviceable m ridding ihe trees of this pest, though it is 

 not halt fco good as the lingers anu thumb. It is astouishing how many 

 leaves and branches can be cleared in an hour by the hnger-and>ihumQ 

 system, which, if persisted in, never tails to eflect a cure. 



Lapageuia rosea Cultdke {subscriber),— The treatment of this plant 

 has beeu given over ana over again in tbis Journal. In the first place it 

 requires perfect arainuge — extra urainagK as tor an Orchid, and a compost 

 of tibry loam and sanuy pL-at in equal proportions, with a little leaf uiould 

 and silver sand added to and incorporated w ith the mass, bits of charcoal not 

 arger than a wamut nor siuaiier than a hazel nut help to keep the soil 

 open. Ill the second place it requires plenty of space for its roots, and does 

 best planted our, lur it is impatient ui checks, such as are occaaioned by 

 frequent pottings and rapid transitions of temperature. Thirdly, it likes 

 plenty of light without much sun, and does better in a northern than a 

 southern expocure. tounhlj , it requires watering abundantly, and cannot 

 havetoo much when growing. Filihiy, it requires a stove heat trom Alaich 

 until September, anu a cool greenhouse temperature for the remainuer of 

 the year, iiixihly, it netU not be expected to flower much the flirt seven 

 years, it a seedling, nor until it attLiins a good aiie and is proportionately 

 strong let it be wnai it may. Lastly, it should not be potted until it gives 

 signs ot growth, and then must be piaceu in a moist and increased tem- 

 perature. Attention to these rules will cause It to flower. 



Books \0. J'.) —A new edition of " Paxtun's Boianical Dictionary " was 

 published in is-i9. 



Gaeden Flan (A'eic Forei>t).—'\Ve purpose publishing an engraving of 

 youv plan next week, with a .ew notes. 



Peach Trees in Pots unuee Vimes (5. V. C). — If you, as you state, 

 have Grapes in he c-auie house with >our Peaches and Nectarines, we pre- 

 sume tiained under Ihe rout as usual, you must not feel surprised at the 

 latter failing, as the trees cannot have sun enough lo ripen their shoots. 

 Your potted trees need not be repotted annually, but only top-dres.->ed in 

 October. As jour climate is mild ana moist there is less ripening power lo 

 harden the sbuots than under glass. In all climates near the sea coast, 

 ■with the soft humid air ot your county— Cornwall, Ptach and Nectarine 

 trees should have brisk fire heat while in bloom, and abundance of air 

 night and d'ly. The same tre<iiment m October to tinish ripening the 

 shoots would not be amies. Surely Cauiellias in Cornwall would not rcquiie 

 any shelter in winter it placed beneath a south wall, and the pots covered 

 with dry fern or other litter. The icev. Mr, Bcadou, near Southampton, has 

 :t south wall covered wilb Camellias, which bloom profusely and have no 

 winter shelter. 



Cocoa-nut Fibre Refuse for Potting (Ouoca).— Ut^eJ mixed with 

 loam, &C. ; tbe nnxiuic should ue well pressed and made firm, otherwise 

 the water passes through too easily. 



Heating a GREK^^ol;sE foe Bedding Plants (IT. TAornAi//).— From 

 35^ to 45" will betheieii (leraiure jou will need in winter. We think the 

 pipes heated by ^as will do; but you must take the fumes from the buiaing 

 Vue out of the house by leiiing the pipes end in the open air. 



Various {An Amateur). — We cannot recommend nurserymen. If yoa 

 will buy the "Gardeners' Year-Book," which you can have from our office 

 free by post for fourteen po^tage stamps, you will there find a list of ail the 

 nurserymen in the four divisions ot these islands, and you can select for 

 yourself. Set your Fuchsias out-of-doors fully expised to sun and air, 

 lake them under cover when frosts comraeoce, a back slied will do for 

 tbem. Repot early in the spring, using a compost of strong loam one- 

 halt, rotted stable-dung one-quarter, and leat mould one-quarter. The 

 pyramidal form is best; one stem, and the blanches cut-in at the time of 

 potting to form a pyramid. Flowers of sulpliur dusted over the leaves, 

 and the admission of air freely by night as well as day, should cure the 

 mildew on your Cucumber leaves. 



Male ani> Female Parts of Plants {A. TT., fie//«s().— Neither the 

 dictionary you name nor this Journal professes to teach boiaay ; and Ihe 

 pointing out the different parts of plants is entirely a department of that 

 science. For giving you this information buy '-Henfrey's Rudiments of 

 Botany," or Macgillivray's edition of Sir J. E. Smith's "Introduction to 

 Botany."' In answer to your three queries— most species have the male 

 and temale parts of tructification in the same flower, but others have the 

 male flowers and female flowers on di(f*^rent plants, and a third set have 

 male flowers and female flowers on ihe same plant. Most plants are self- 

 fertilised without the aid o( either insects or the gardener. W' hen the 

 pollen of tbe male part of a flower is ripe, fertilidation is effected by placing 

 It oa the female part if that is ripe also. 



Names of Plants {M. A. fl ).— Malva Creeana (Cree's Mallow), a com- 

 mon greenhouse plant, growing about 2 or 2^^ teet high. It is not a creeper. 

 {Ot:oca).— \, Billardiera heterophyll.i ; 2, L>~thrum alatuin ; 3, Andromeda 

 poiitolia var. angustifolia; 4, Adiantum (unnosum ; o, a form of Poly- 

 stnihum angulare; 6, Alstrcemeriu, some variety of. The poor specimen 

 sent was shrivelled up. 



POULTRY, BEE, and HOUSEHOLD CHRONICLE, 



KILLING FOWLS FOE TABLE USE. 



Last week we told our readers the bu-ds they should kill ; 

 and we are now disposed to tell them how they should be 

 killed, and how prepai-ed for that which a talented French 

 writer on poultry calls " the sacrifice." 



There is certainly an indisposition to eat butcher's meat 

 in hot weather. Fish is at a discount, unless it be in the 

 shape of that most delicious of all unwholesome food, a 

 lobster salad, or the most treacherous of plain boiled, a crab. 

 Something must be eaten in families, and those who read 

 The Journal or Hoeticblture of last week (their name 

 is Legion), look wistfully at certain dwellers in the farm- 

 yard which do not seem to promise excellence ; and they 

 speak in favour of roasted fowl and lettuce. Little Sarah 

 loves every living thing, and rather prefers the "natu- 

 rals" and the "unfortunates," the chickens that persist in 

 trying to look behind them, and have what the country 

 people call the " gids ;" that one whose right foot turns the 

 wrong way ; and the poor little hunchback that puts her in 

 mind of " Master Walter." None of these may be killed. 

 Pa has twelve that may not be killed. Ma has just eighteen 

 pullets she must have for winter layers. One says the last 

 were so hard and stringy he could not eat them, and the 

 last but one was actually tainted, though it had been dead 

 but forty-eight hours. "We think we said all we had to say 

 of the unfortunates last week. The week before we wrote 

 of securing eggs, and now will speak of killing. 



The ordinary method is to slip into the hen-house at 

 night, to catch two chickens, to cut their throats, to tie 

 their legs with a piece of Ust, and to hang them up feathers 

 and all. When they are wanted forty-eight hours after- 

 wards, cook says, "She never see such weather; they're 

 green ali-eady ! " 



If the fowls ai-e to be eaten on Thursday, let them be 

 caught on Monday evening, and then shut up in a basket, 

 absolutely without food or water tUl the next mormng. 

 Being quite empty, they must be killed, not by cuttmg the 

 tlrroat, but by breaking their necks. Take hold of the tips 

 of the end or flight-feathers of the wings, and the lower 

 part of the thighs and knees with the left hand. Take hold 

 of the head of the fowl in the right hand, turn it (the head) 

 upwards in the hand, but simultaneously puU up with the 

 left hand, and press down with the right. Izaak Walton 

 said, " Impale the frog as if you loved hun ;" and TaUeyrand 

 said, " No zeal in anything, it is always getting mto trouble. 

 No zeal, no strength, and very little effort is requu-ed. i^eas 

 downwards with the right hand till there is a tnfiing jerk- 

 it is the dislocation of the neck. Death ensues in a few 

 minutes. If there is any doubt it can be easily solved by 

 feeling the back of the bird'b head, there will be found an 

 " ugly gap " between the head and the neck. When a fowl 

 is bled to death it is very white, but it is often dry; when 



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