114 



JOUllNAL OF IIORTICULTUBE AND COTTAGE GAKDENER. 



[ Ansast 15, 1867. 



the flowering of their Calceolarias as of yore, or have a variety 

 that does not " go off " as so many do, would impart the secret 

 of their success, or, which would be still better, state if they 

 have obtained a substitute, and its name and particulars. 

 Most likely amongst the many composite flowers we possess 

 one may be worked in to do good service in the golden hue in 

 which Calceolarias hitherto have reigned supreme. — M. F. 



ROSES ON MANETTI STOCKS. 



At one time, I believe, I was nearly the only amateur friend 

 of the Mauetti stock. Now I receive letters from distinguished 

 amateurs, speaking of their complete conversion. I have two 

 letters now before me. Mr. Postans, of Brentwood, says, " I 

 have become a very decided convert to Manetti. Henceforth no 

 more Briars for me, save for weak but fine things, for which 

 Manetti is too strong. My Manetti Eoses this year have been 

 half as big again as the Briar Ko.ses ; and then the size it gives 

 the plants is wonderful." Mr. Kent says, " The converts to 

 Manetti Eoses round here may be counted by hundreds." I 

 knew that this would be the case if Manetti Eoses were properly 

 propagated and properly planted, and, I may add, properly 

 pruned and looked after. The general treatment of Eoses on 

 any stock or on its own roots is quite barbarous. Let ns hope 

 that we shall have this noble flower better cultivaied, seeing 

 that it gives such gratification to all classes, from the occupier 

 of a throne or palace to the humble cottager. I have had, and 

 shall continue tc have, a daily Eose show here till frost stops 

 all further blooming. In mild winters 1 have cut good bouquets 

 as late as January. 



The first division — that is, Koses not cut down by the frost, 

 are just commencing an abundant second series, and the Eoses 

 cut down by the frost are in abundant bloom and bud, and I 

 ■will undertake to keep them so throughout the season. " D., 

 Deal," is coming here ou the 17th, and he will see whether it 

 is so or not. I propose now to say a few words on the following 

 points : — 



1. The Time of Planting. — The readers of The Journal 

 OF HoBTicuLTunE wiU open their eyes with amazement when I 

 tell them that on the 5th I bought of Mr. Gill, Blandford, who is 

 one of the best Manetti budders in the kingdom, about three 

 hundred plants, which will be planted here on August 7th. As 

 the nursery is so near here (seven railes), I will undertake to 

 do this without the least risk- in fact, as Manetti strikes so 

 freely, the temporary check will only cause it to confirm its 

 wood, which otherwise might be immature at Christmas. I do 

 not recommend this early period if the Eoses have to travel. The 

 ground is now saturated with the rain, and all that is wanted 

 is a blazing sun, which will cause the stock to throw out an 

 abundance of rootlets. Of course the foliage must be kept 

 moist for a few days. After the stock roots I care not how 

 soon the foliage drops off. I have moved Manetti Eoses in the 

 middle of summer without a bud, branch, or leaf withering. 

 It is to be observed that whilst immature wood on the Briar 

 will not bear, immature wood of the Eose on the Manetti will 

 bear abundantly. The chief object of trying to get the wood 

 ripe is that it endures severe winters the better. Manetti 

 Eoses may be planted at any time of the year when the ground 

 will work. 



2. Planting. — Have your holes dug ready, and having cut 

 the points of the roots even, put in alternately soil and manure 

 (rotten), and having filled up the hole to about 2 inches over 

 the point of union, tread firmly and close up to the stock, which 

 will prevent the plant throwing out suckers from the stock ; it 

 rarely throws them up from the roots. Do not cut down your 

 plants. The stock requires a good body of wood to carry off 

 the sap. By severe cutting the sap forces out eyes from the 

 stock, which otherwise would remain dormant. Before plant- 

 ing cut out any eyes that you can see. 



3. Buying Eoses. — 1, Novelties. — Buy these carefully, and 

 do not put them under a hot south wall. They will be mildew 

 all over. Plant them in au airy (not windy) place, and keep 

 their roots and foliage well supplied with water. They have, 

 probably, the sporules of mildew about them when they 

 arrive, being glass-reared. I shall dip all such in a weak solu- 

 tion of blue vitriol ; 1 oz. to a bucket of water would probably be 

 strong enough. Two ounces are what I use for strong plants 

 with firm foliage. Sulphur does the same mischief that mil- 

 dew itself does — it stops up the pores of the leaves. With 

 regard to novelties, they are often inferior to what we had 

 before, varieties without variation, and distinct Eoses, which 



means, I suppose, distinctly bad, or having bad attributes. 

 What we waut are distinct Eoses, and better than those we 

 have. In the line of crimson, Charles Lefebvre, Senateur 

 Vaisse, Ducbesse de Caylus, Lord Maeaulay, Maurice Bernar- 

 din, and now Alfred Colomb — first-rate — an improved frce- 

 bloominj,' Due de Eohan, and Lady Suffield will take a deal of 

 beating. In the light line, the same may be said of Mrs. 

 Elvers and Madame Vidot ; and in the dark line Prince Camille 

 de Eohan and Pierre Netting, a deep-petalled, globular, full- 

 centred, and noble Eose, which does M. Portemer the greatest 

 credit. " D.," of Deal, brought out specimens of the following 

 Roses, and I thought them very good and promising : — Misa 

 Ingram, a globular creamy white Eose, very beautiful, a little 

 more substance in the petals would have pleased me more ; 

 Horace Vernet, a fine, deep-petalled clarety-red Eose ; Thorin, 

 Josephine Beauharnais, Madame Fillion, and Fisher Holmes 

 were the others, and good. Not one of them, in my opi- 

 nion, was equal to Alfred Colomb, the best new Eose I have 

 viewed for some time. I have seen Exposition de Brie. It is 

 good, and like Maurice Bernardin ; but it is not so good as yet 

 as that fine Eose. These two are grown at the Eev. E. Price's 

 (my clergyman), in this parish. They are both good growers. 

 In his garden I saw Xavier Olibo and Jean Cherpiu, both fine 

 dark colours ; but j)restjue j'leine. These Eoses have been 

 highly recommended to me by good judges ; — Madame Mar- 

 gottin (Tea), Antoine Ducher, Charles Verdier, Horace Vernet, 

 Madame Pulliat, Madeleine Nonin, Monsieur Neman, Paul 

 Verdier, Thorin, Mdlle. Eady, Mdlle. Annie Wood, Camille 

 Bernardin, Madame Eousset, and Marie Baumann. Some of 

 the above Eoses I shall buy. I have only a few Eoses to cast 

 out, such as King's Acre (a bad opener), Madame C. Verdier, 

 large, flat, and bad centre, and Madame Derreux Douville, 

 worthless. 2. Buy Old Stuff. — Though I have a good stock of 

 Charles Lefebvre, Senateur Vaisse, and Camille de Eohan, 1 

 have bought fifty more of each. Let beginners buy fifty each 

 of these and Jules Margottin, Comtesse de Chabrillant, and 

 W. Griffiths. They will then have something worth looking at. 

 They are types, and of excellent habit. The above fine Eoseg 

 can be bought by the hundred on strong Manetti stocks at the 

 same price that twenty worthless novelties will cost ! — W. F. 

 Eadclyffe, Okeford Filzjiaine. 



DUTY-FREE TOBACCO. 



AnSENCE from home has deprived me of the pleasure of notic- 

 ing the remarks of your coirespondent " G. S," in your issue of 

 July 2.5th, and, although Mr. hobson has in a later number gone 

 very fully into the question of the employment of cayeime or 

 Capsicum as an ingredient wherewith to adulterate tobacco for 

 the protection of the revenue, I may be excused if I add a few 

 words on the subject. 



In the first place, I know from my own experiments, and ex- 

 periments tried by several well-qualified horticulturists, that 

 cayenne is injurious to plants of delicate organisation, unless it 

 is used in extremely small quantities; that it is most unpleasant 

 to use it in conservatories, whether detached or to which access 

 is obtained from a dwelling-room ; and that the quantity which 

 could be safely used would not prove a sufficient protection for 

 the revenue. As " G. S." says, half-a-grain in a pipe of tobacco 

 does not make a very enchanting smoke, but a snuif-taker would 

 not be troubled by a small per-centage in his high- dried, whilst a 

 chewer of tobacco would be grateful for the additional condiment. 

 In fact, cayenne is used in some factories in the United States 

 to give pungency to poor tobacco. Thus, it will be seen that 

 ca\ enne is not the article the Government chemist is likely to 

 recommend to the Commissioners of Customs as a sufficient pro- 

 tection for a valuable revenue. Independently of this, I am 

 inclined to the opinon expressed by Mr. Eobson, that cayenne 

 will not kill the green fly, having tried it repeatedly. Again, 

 looking at the question in a commercial point of view, cayenne is 

 an exi)ensive ingredient, and would go far to make up for the 

 saving effected by the removal of the duty. 



Tobacco, whether in the form of tobacco paper or as ordinary 

 shag cut tobacco, is generally admitted to be eflScacious in eradi- 

 cating most of the pests of the greenhouse ; and it remains to be 

 seen whether tobacco cannot be so treated as to render it unfit 

 for smoking, chewing, or snuffing, before the Government will 

 entertain any pi oposition for freeing it from the duty. The assa- 

 fietida, although extremely offensive, is not objectionable m burn- 

 ing ; the sulphur in so large a proportion as twenty-five parts is 

 destructive of vegetable life. Cannot some other ingredient be 



