■i22 



JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 



[ September 19, 1867. 



men t of the air, FnrlhiT than this. Its influenri*B on the plnnt are nnt 

 good, as, when the sun i^ powerful, the leaveH are evaporatinK or exhaling, 

 and the shock to this procen^ by the dashinji over them of cold water in 

 nnything bat salutary ; a-i by analogy, we may fflean from the aemtons 

 effects of a cold shou'er on the human body whilst perspiring freely. Let 

 it be rernembercd that it iw impossible to make the leaven inhale when 

 Nature causes them to exhale: hence the watering of plants overhead 

 when the sun's rays are powerful ia absurd; and as for waterini? the 

 ground during the middle of the day, it is like pouring it upon a hot 

 plate so that it mny the wooner bo eTapornted, and every appearance of 

 its use be the more speedily obliterated. 



Peotectino HAT.K-FiAHnY PLANTS (7(frwi,— The best thing to place 

 over the crowns of plants in winter is either cocoa-nnt flbre refuse or 

 partially decomposed leaves, and the next IicKt is short litterv mannrc, 

 the dung being shaken out. Ashes answer very well when the soil is heavy ; 

 tan is not bad for the purpose, and straw will do. 



CALCEOLAKiAfl lUsKASED {T. Ji'Tord).— The appearance of yourjdanis' 

 stems certainly shows evidence of their beingeaten by s^me grub, and the 

 bark is entirely pone from one of the stems. Upon the other we notice 

 traces of fungus, and that wo think is the immediate cause of the death 

 of the plants, for if the disease were the result of insects destroving the 

 stems, it is highly probable that the part of stem below ground would 

 push out new shoots, whereas this is seldom it ever the case, the plants 

 perishing all at once and in a very short time from some, as yet, unex- 

 plained cause. 



Soil for Vinf Bordeks f.7". F. Svuth).— The gardener is quite right. 

 Instead of one you should have from five to six parts of turfy loam 

 added to the sandy rood scrapings. 



BiJDDTKG Roses o\ the Manetti Stock f r. B. A. Z.).~" You are right 

 to bud them close to the ground. It is still better to scratch a groove 

 along the Manetti line, and bud ns close to the roots as possible When 

 Manetti stocks are planted deep thev must be budded high. This has 

 brought them into disgrnce. 'Mr. Radclvffa planted 285 on Juno 7th. They 

 are fill in full leaf, and Louise Margottin, September 4th. had two buds. 

 You mny move your dorraant-bud Roses with perfect immunity. It is 

 the best way to prevent them from late breaking. Those that have broken 

 should be exposed to sun and air, and be protected with straw if the winter 

 be severe. In the spring they may be cut down. Manetti suckers from 

 the stock have sprung up this year more than Mr, Radclvffe ever knew 

 them do before, owing to the plants havin«7 been cut down.' Alwnvs keep 

 .1 good body of wood on ilanetti stocks.— W. F. R." 



Pkars at the Outstal Palace Show.— "In vour report it is stated 

 Uiat there were fifty-one competitors for the prize for single dishes of 

 Pears for flavour, and that the first prize was awarded to Mr. Bailey. 

 This is an error; the first prize was awarded to our Louise Bonne Pears, 

 grown m a pot, the fruit set in an orchard-house, and then the pot snnk 

 in thegroundoutside.—G.F. Wilson, G(aftur«fCoi/ai7«, Wryhridgg Hrath." 



HORTICULT0RAL HOCIETIKS IN CONNECTION WITH THE RoTAL HoRTI- 



CPLTURAL Society (Oajf^r Greenwood). --\ox\ con have the '* Horticultural 

 Directory for 18fi7 " free by post frdm our office if von encloso twentvsix 

 postage Btamps with your direction. It contains full particulars of the 

 advantng-'s gamed by societies from such u connection, and ranch other 

 information. 



Universality of Poisok (Jrf^m)._'-How much truth is there in the 

 expression. Evervthing that we ©at in the wav of food contains poison, 

 except Carrots ?'" 



[We never heard before of snch «n apophtliegm. Evervthing eaten tft 

 excess is deleterious, nnd the Inditor of the apophthegm, perhnns. had 

 norensft tor Carrots, and thought no one could eot many of them] 



Caterpillars ox Cahraoeh (O. AX~^o mode of exterrainatins them 

 te so easv or effective as hand-picking. Thorouoblv decayed stable ma^ 

 mix^d^° ^^^ " "'"^ excellent for Strawberries,' either separately or 



BorsLK pi.i.ow Rocket (J. G.l.— We have made some inquiries whout 

 UUB plant but the season of its blooming havintr gone bv. we could not 

 Uetine its botanical relation without Bering it in bloom : but our own im- 

 pression 18 that you are right about its not bein-? a Hesperis; whether 

 nisnlliedto the Cabbncroor Cress tribe we are unable to sav. Many 

 yaars ago when we had it. we found no difflcultv in propagating It bV 

 catting the flower-stem into lengths, and putting them under a hnnd- 

 Riass m a shady plnce. only we had to cut the spikes before they opened, 

 wliich was a sacrifice many are unwilling to make. 



*i,^'r*'^*' Disease (J. 0.).~We hope if the disease has been visible in 

 J^enaulm without affecting the tubers for some weeks, that the latter 

 Will escape. We have, however, not much hope of this if wet weather 

 set in. Faterson's Rlues are highly spoken of. and genernllv do well; 

 not we incbne to the belief that no varictv is entirely exempt from disease 

 in bad seasons, althongh some are more prone to it than others, and 

 some kinds adapt thom^-elves better than others to particular soils, and, 

 tdere.ore escnpp the disease when its attacks are not too virulent. 

 Wenerally speaking, a robust— not a coarse, rank grower, escapes best ; 

 out, like human beings, entire exemption from disease is more than 

 questionable. 



iS^t^^'^'^^^^ i'^ ■^*'^^''riber).~Xt does not matter whether von have a 

 !^™ u**^/ "I"^" ^^^^ ^^^ Peaches. A good house of the first-named 

 lorm Should be lii feet wide. 18 feet In height at back, and 2 feet in front. 

 wees planted inside, and trained up 15 inches from the glass. A similar 

 ^an-roofed house would do equally well if from 20 to 24 feet in width 

 Jtnere is no better plan than training the trees under the glass. With a 

 nouee of the same height, or frowi 2 to more feet hisher in front, it ia 

 oommon to have a curved trellis in front, and trees on the back wall ; 

 nut it IB doubtful if on the whole more fruit is obtained, though somc- 

 jning IS gained in the matter of succession when it is an object to have 

 11 V r?- ^ °^^ house as lone as possible. We have a useful house. 

 trJr oi "^ *' ^^^^^ ^^ *""^ ^^^^ >n 'ront. and U feet wide, ^ith a front 

 irems dj feet m height, and M feet from the back wall, which admits of 

 l^^^^} of light to the bottom bf the wall and the trees there. All things 

 ^8 roof ^"^^ Hhelves, we would prefer a trelUs underneath the 



'' -Th ^^^ (fl^-'iWo'mina).— If you reqnire culture as well as names, &c., 

 ine l-emMauual" will suit you. Yon can have it free by post from 

 •w •ffice if you enclofe 5j. 4d. with vour address. 



White Pel argon ims (VirginiuA).— The purest white Pelargonium w« 

 have seen is one raised bv Mr. G. Smith. Homsey Road. This was deli- 

 cately white, but not perfect in form. Tliero are others, we believe, in 

 cultivation, and we shall he obliged by having their names communicated. 

 Ventilating a Vinery {G. H.).— It is not often that such a case as 

 yours occurs, for the top of the house, however wide, is gnnerally the 

 wannest. However, there can be no loss in the proposed arrangement; 

 only if we were directing it we would placo the pipes uoaror the baok 

 wall if there is nothing on it that the heat would injure. Wo think tho 

 heat then would be more easily diffused, and it wonld be better as re- 

 spects the top ventilation. 



Rose Mount at the Crystal Palace {Lover of Flowern).— Tho Rose 

 Mount at the Crj'stal Palace ia very beautiful this season. We saw the 

 p mel border to which you refer, and of which, so far is we recollect, your 

 plan is not correct Such panels are pretty when looked across to, looked 

 up to, or looked down upon, and in a circubir position as at the Mount. 

 The background of the fence, covered with >;reen foliage, also helps. 

 The half-circular sweeps next the fence are, as you represent them, filled 

 with Scarlet Pelart^oniums, bordered with Colons ; bur, the next sweep, 

 instead of following the same angles, starts from the wide part of the 

 circle. As far as we recollect, tho Pelargoniums are bordered with Coleus, 

 which in the next sumicircle is bordered with Ciiristine Pelargonium, 

 the centre with Purple King Verbena, the lower side with Flower of tho 

 Dav Pelargonium ; the triangular pieces with the dwarf single M.irigold, 

 and the frf)nt with double lines of the blue Lobelia. Tho Marigold was 

 hardly good enough for the rest of tho border. Dwarf yellow Calceolariafl 

 would have been more telling. Straight borders when seen from either 

 end tell best in rows, when panelled you must walk abreast of them. 



Bed in Centre or a Greenhouse f^. li. H.). — In such a bed in a 

 greenhouse we ahould adsise having nothing planted out except climbers, 

 and these we would confine to little pits or boxes, set apart for them. Tbw 

 rest of the bed we would fill with saiidv loam, and deep enough and well 

 drained for plunging pots in it up over the rim, and removing and filling 

 03 deemed necessarv-. The dropping of the flowers of the Fuchsias, &c.. 

 we attribute to want of enough of moisture, and also, perhaps, a want of 

 enough of ventilation. Pelargoniums and Fuchsias in small pots want a 

 large amount of water. Some of the best we ever saw had it two or 

 three times in a sunny day. 



Erecting a Greenhouse (0. H.).— For any definite information about 

 Beard's Metallic Glass Houses, apply to Mr. E. J. Sanders, Victoria 

 Works. Bury St. Edmunds, who is working out tho patent. We believo 

 that the houses are now put up at a lower price than when first described 

 in this Journal by Mr. Fish, and that considerable improvements have 

 since then been made. The reason as to not advertising does not rest 

 with us. All we can say is, that if there had beeu any reason for Mr. 

 Fish modifying his favourable opinion, it would at once have been made 

 known to our readers. The objections entertaintd by you and your 

 friends, as well as others, are chiefly these :— 1, Glass placed edge toedgo 

 instead of the usual lap, is sure to crack by expansion and contraction. 

 This will be the result in common putty glazing, but is not the result in 

 Mr. Beard's peculiar plan, in which putty is altogether dispensed with, 

 and the favourable result is chiefly the consequence of plenty of room 

 being left nt the ends of the squares, where they may eip^md and con- 

 tract as much as they will without any d;imige. The second objection 

 is that drip must fall and rain be driven in through the spaces between 

 I these lapless squares. All we can say is, that the first viwit to these 

 i houses was paid after a day of drenching rain and rough wind ; but thero 

 j was not the mark of a single drop in the house. With glairs nicely cat 

 I we believe there ia no danger from either of those causes. 3. Such iron 

 ■ houses are so much coIiJer than wooden ones. This is true of all iron 

 ; structures ; but the evil is lessened by the vitrified system as well as the 

 ( galvanising, and especially by the fact that the quantity of iron used ia 

 I so small, that a very little additional heating power would be needed. 

 Much al-io is gained in severe weather from tho absence of laps. We do 

 I not see why your gas stove should not heat your small hsuse ; but instead 

 I of a three-inch pipe from tho stove all round tbe house, we would be 

 'i satisfied with a pipe of H inch ; and in that case, or with your three-inch 

 ! pipe, when it entered out of tho hou^e we would have a cowl over it to 

 prevent damp or draughts entering it. We have never mot with the 

 danger the engineer speaks of —the cold air rushing down and putting the 

 gas out. Wo should almost as soon expect the cold sir rushing down n 

 chimney and putting the fire out ; and that will be done at times, until 

 tbe fire heats and expands the air near it. We should like the pipes t« 

 rise gradually from the furnace, instead of going on a level. Most likely 

 you can obtain tbe gas easily, otherwise a small iron stove with a pipe 

 through the roof would do admirably for such a small house, especially 

 if the stove had a flat top to receive a pan of water. 



Grafting the Vine— Early Tulips (T., —Wo would not hesitate to 

 graft the Black Hamburgh on the Golden Hamburgh. Meanwhile, if 

 you are a great admirer of the Golden Hamburgh, we would grow it on 

 the long-rod system, place tbe Vine 6 inches farther from the glass, and 

 leave only a moderate crop. It is a tender Vine. The following Tulips, 

 we think, will suit you :— Double— Gloria Soils, Duke of York, Imperator 

 and Rex Rubrorum, Couronne ponrpre, Overwinnaar. In addition to 

 your Toumesols, sincle— Pottebakker, white, yellow, striped; Bella 

 Alliance, Florentine, Keizer's Kroon, Standard Royal, and Vermilion 

 Brilliant. 



Forcing Strawberries (T. H., Younff Beginner).— To have Straw- 

 berries ripe in the beginning of April you would require to commence in 

 February; and if the following month should be stormy and frosty, 

 you will scarcely have enough of heat for the Strawberries with two 

 four-inch pipes in your 14-feet-wide house. There is one thing, tho 

 Strawberries will not suffer from a lower temperature in stormy weather 

 farther than not ripening so soon. More forced Strawberries are injured 

 by a too high instead of a too low temperature. We would not repot pot 

 Vines now, to be forced next season ; but we would rest them as soon as 

 the leaves turaed yellow, and on starting them we would give rich surface- 

 dressings and manure-waterings. We as yet know no more of the pro- 

 mised treatise on Vines than what has appeared in the Journal to which 

 you refer. Such results are more to be looked upon as what may be 

 done, not as what is likely to bo done under general circiunstunces. 



Planting Vines in Early Vinery (Charles). — The Vines should at 

 once be planted, and those you have that are now growin;,' will not do 

 for the planting in a house where forcing is commenced in November. 

 You should plant Vines whose wood is quite brown and hard— that is. 



