KoTembor 7, 1817. ] 



JOURNAL OK HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 



355 



(rARDRNEns' KxAMiNATiON {A. B., Kino»toti).^\'oa can oMnin all tho 

 iufonufttioii yon need it you writ© to Mr. Richards. Assislaut Sucrotarj", 

 Koyai Horticultural Society, South Keusingtou, Louiluu, W. 



Varieoated Savov (J. (\ ir.).~VftricRation in tho Cabbn^ro tribo nn<l 

 lo many other (renera of plants has boon nioro tbiin nsunlly prevalent 

 this year. Wo diHcusMcd tho Bul»ject when noticing tho variegation In 

 PoloTffODiuins. Tlic priiuo oauso is yet nnuxplnioud. 



Lkoalitv ok Wahninii.— "If a Rardener whoso aereemrnt with his 

 employer was a month's notice on either sido, recoivcH his wjiKe<i weekly, 

 and that employer Rives the Rardenev a month's notice at tive o'clock in 

 tho afternoon, is that notice leRal? or could tho gardener at the end of 

 that month k'vo the employer a month's notice, and, if diKclmrf,'ed. cla'm 

 ft month's wnKCS ? I have always been under tho iniproHfion that tho 

 notice must bo Riven before twelve oVloek in tho day.— A Si^nsruiiiER, Ij." 

 I We know of no law that proscribes that a warnini;, like a niarriaRe, 

 roust bo before twelve o'cUick. Moreover, wo are quite sure that if there 

 were stich a law, and you wore to act as you suggest, it would bo ono of 

 tho most erroneous acts of your life.] 



C»ts^^cK (Iakdkm 'J?/)hrt).— Write to Mr. RaiTon. tho Superintendent 

 of Chiswick Rarden, and ho will furnish vnu with the necessary form to 

 fill up. There is no premium required, and your chanco of getting a 

 situation will depend on your qualilications. 



DuTV Free Toijacco.— We have inquiries where this ran be purchased 

 in small quantities. It would be worth a seller's while to advertise it, 

 stating price and quantities that can be bought. 



Garden Enoine— Lefcres (E. S.).— Tho cheapest is the hydropuU. 

 The leeches on your walk must como out of some water near your (;ar- 

 don. They are i)robr\bly of the Goobdella trochctii species, which fre- 

 tjuently coiuo on to the land to attack the earth-worms. 



CHEiR.vxTHUrt Marshai.m (An Ifinorant Sii?t<cn7.crl.— It i«o hybrid, tho 

 result of a er()ss between Cheiranthus ochroluiirus and Erysiniiuu PcrofT- 

 ski4num. It was raised iu IH4(i by Mr. John Mnrslmll, of Limbiirn, tbo 

 Brysimum being tho pollen plant. Its birth place, thLTcfur-'. is Scotlaud. 

 Your variegiUed-Ieavcd specimen (probably of uo vahiei, is not an exotic, 

 but a sport. An "exotic" Is a native of a foreign country. 



Apples for Kxhibitios (An Exhihiti>r).~Di:<^crt : Adams's Pearmain, 

 Cox's Orange Pippin, Uoldcn Heinette. Kitchen: Blouhoim, Dumelow's 

 Seodlmg, AJfriston. 



Sownfo WiriTE Clover (C. A. J.)-— We have known it sown very suc- 

 ceasfully in autumn ; but it is now too late. Sow It over your pasture 

 early in Marcli, and run a light roller over it afterwards. 



Oreen Rose '/>. W.). — This green Rose was introduced about eight 

 years since by Messrs. Giiillot & Clement, of Lyons, under the name of 

 Rosa vlridilb)ra. Seven years since wo know it was cultivated iu tUia 

 country, and was then called Rose Beugalo vert. 



Roses for Walls (An Old Snh)irribrr, Dai-rntri/]. — " I advise the 4.') feel 

 of wall, 8 feet high, with west aspect, to bo filled up with hardy free- 

 blooniing Roses. The following, ol which the colours can ha seen in tho 

 efttaloi;iios. may bo selected from : — Due do Cazes, Gt'*nt'ral Jacqueminot, 

 Baronue Prevost. Marguerite de St. Amand, Charles Lffcbvre, Princo 

 Camillo de Rohuu, Madame C. Crapelet, Senateur Vaisso, Madame Alfred 

 (le Rougemout, Sir .1. Paxton, Madamo Louise Carique, and Anna Alexicff. 

 The l;S5 feet of wall, with south aspect, I should mainly devote to noblo 

 yellow Rnafs, 6u«h as CVIino Forestier. Gloiro do Dijon, Lamarque, Sol- 

 faterre, Triompbe de Rennes, and Mart'-chal Niel. ph\cing between them 

 for variation of colour Due do Cazes, Prince Camille de Rohan, Seuateur , 

 Vaisse, Charles Lofobvro. and Gt'-ucral Jacqueminot. My frontnee, which I 

 is a long one, is lilled with some of tho above yellow Roses. Under tbo I 

 windows nro Tea Roses— Elise Sauvngo, Souvenir d'Elise. Sombreuil, 

 Dovonlensis, and Rubens. Iu front of them on tbt- lawn, ami budtled ou 

 Manelti stocks, are tbcso coloured Roses — namely, Maurice Bernardin, 

 Prince Camitte de Rohnn, I>uc de Cazes, and Charles Lefebvrc. Some of 

 the yellow Koscs named above, such as Solfaterro, Lamarque, and C^lino 

 Kore^tior, must, as the wall is low, have a wide berth, as they are very 

 strong rauip.iut growers.— W. F. Radclyffe." 



Heatisg hy a Stove f l.-Tho stoves yon mention, when used 



without a flue, are generally Bupplied with prepared charco'il fuel, and 

 when set in large halls, with plenty of air and ventilation, do little harm ; 

 but even with that preimred fuel wo have no faith in any stove when set 

 nmoug tender plants. They will then do injury, thout-b of course not so 

 much as open braziers of burning charcoal prepared or not prepared. To 

 other inquirers wo may say. that of stoves with prepared fuel we would 

 have preferred Hays's, but there seems some difficulty in obtaiuing the 

 fuel ; but even in that c.ise wo would have preferred a small pipe from 

 the top of the stove leading into tbo open air outside of the house. 

 There is always likely to bo a little uncertainty in stoves with prepared 

 fuel. Suppose you are out of, or cannot procure tho fuel in a frosty 

 night, then where are you ? We would rather advise you to di-pend on 

 common futl, as clean cinders, dried coul and coke broken rather small, 

 and then Joyr<''s or any other little stove will suit your purpose if you 

 take a two-inch pipe from it. or a litt'e wider if you like, throueh tho 

 rIass rool, and that is simply done, as w,is said the other week, by placing 

 a plate-iron square with a hole In it in lieu of a square of glass. With 

 such a pipe, and generally a six or a nine-feet length of a metal pipe will 

 do, there is no danger from any iron stove with common fuel if tho 

 sides of the stove do not becomo'too hot. It would bo safest to keep tho 

 Btovo in the house from the end of October until May. In a late number 

 you would see what can bo done with gas. The stove may be an attrac- 

 tive object, or bo placed out of siabt. and it will do its work quite as well. 

 The building a small shod against tho back wall of the greenhouse, 

 placing a slovo in the shed, and merely taking a pipe through tho wall, 

 and then through the roof of tho house, would not keep the frost out of 

 tho house, as the pipe from such a stove cannot be taken any distance in 

 a horizontal position. Such a plan would save you all annoyance from 

 the sight of tho stove, dust, smoke, «ic. ; but you would heat the shed 

 more than your greenhouse. Your proposed plan prompts ns to say how 

 you may succeed. Make as largo an oponinR in this back wall as will 

 allow your stove to stand in the opening with 3 or 6 inches free all 

 round it. Protect this little chamber from tho air of the shed, and allow 

 nothing of the stove to appear in the shed, except the part where you 

 feed tho fire and take out tho ashes, and the heat then will mostly pass 

 into your bouse, helped by the smoke funnel you will need. To make tho 

 boat aYoUablc, keep tbo 'stove black and the walls in tho opening all 



round it white. Did we, however, go to tho expense of ft little shed be- 

 hind this Kreenbouse, 20 feet long by 10 feet wide, we should take no 

 trouble with an iron stove, but would have a small flue, from 4 to 6 inches 

 wido inside moasurc, c;irried along and taken back whore the pathway 

 would be, the tiles that covered the tluo thus making a pathway pleasant 

 to the feet in a frofltv <lay; and such a little furnace and tlue. and small 

 iron or earthenware cbironev. would ci'st no more, wo prebunie. than an 

 iron stove. We have frequeutlv stated how to obtain a moist heat from 

 iron stoves. Where neatness and economy in small detached houses are 

 to be combined, we prefer a email Hue, the top of the flue forming part of 

 tho floor. 



Atmospheric Gas Stove {W. L.).— We do not know the stove yon 

 mention. 



Stocks for Roses (G.Flora).—*'! have not tried the Sempervirena 

 Rose Pelicite Perpetur as ft stock. I can, therefore, only guess. I should 

 think that it would suit any or most of tho strong-growinR Roses among 

 tho hardy Perpetmils or Noisettes. There is no China Rose worth keep- 

 ing, except the beautiful Mrs. Bosanquot. It would probably suit ' Flora. 

 as it is a fine grower.— W. F. Radclyffe." 



Insecticide (An Iriih Subscribrr).— The proprietors are Messrs. Fowler, 

 SI, North Street, Brighton. Directions for using are on the stone bottle. 

 Smokeless Stove for Heatino Gheeniiouse (Young Amateur).— Vie 

 do not know of a smokeless stove that w(mld heat a house ItJ feet long by 

 lu feet wido, unless you could heat it with gas. We should be obliged by 

 information from any of oxir correspondents and readers giving their ex- 

 perience of a tlueless stove, and if not so, at least a smokeless one. There 

 are many small bouses attached to amateurs' residences, for which a sraoke- 

 leiis beatini! apparatus is very desirable, and we think many arc deterred 

 from having such structures because they cannot keep out tho frost iu 

 winter without having an unsightly smoking chimney. 



LiLiUM AURATUM BcLHs Oecavino frd^7H ).— Your bulbs wcrc UO doubt 

 dam'iRed in somo wav, or they might have been kept a long time out of 

 tho ground, which would cause them to decay wheu ibey came in con- 

 tact with wet soil. Those that have lived and flowered will in a year or 

 two become strong. As to culture, see answer to a correspondent at 

 page litJ6. 



Pears FOR Aumnj (frf'-m).— BeurrAd'Amnnlis fSeptemberand October). 

 Bacon's Incomparable (October, November, and December\ and Beurre 

 do Capiaumont {October). If von require a larger Pear than the last, 

 BeurrL- Diel will suit you ; but it is not iu use until November. Louise 

 Boiino of Jersey, though not a very large Pear, is one ol the very beat 

 October Pears. Thi-y will succeed as espaliers. 



Ferns in Warman Case (li. r.).— Ferns in a case should first of all 

 have good drainage secured, by putting at tbo bottom an inch of broken 

 pots, and over these an inch or two of pieces of charcoal not larger than 

 a Walnut, the fine particles being cleared out by sifting through a sieve 

 having a quarter of an inch mesh. Overthis again maybe placed a little 

 sphagnum, or, failing the sphagnum, an inch of the rougher parts of the 

 compost will answer quite as well. You may then place from 'i to 6 inches 

 of compost, in which the Kerns are to be planted, and it may consist of 

 two-thirds sandy fibrous peat, and one-third turfy yellow loam. To these 

 may be added one-fourth of the whole sandstone broken in pieces from 

 the size of a Pea to that of a Hazel nut. Tho small stone need not be 

 sifted out, but tho whole mixed with the peat and loam, addim? also a 

 liberal sprinkling of silver sand. If peat cannot be bad, cocoa-nut refuse 

 dust will serve equally well. In this the Ferns should be planted, and a 

 Rood watering ffiven. It is necessary* that the Ferns have tho tempera- 

 ture essential to their healthful development. If you plant stove kinds 

 thev must have a temperature of r>j- in winter, and not exceeding 65^ ; 

 whilst greenhouse kinds succet-d in ft Wardian case iu any room from 

 which frost Is excluded, and hardy Ferns do well in a case iu a room 

 without a fire. The windows ut tlio case should be kept closed for the 

 greater part of the day and night ; but should moisture condense within 

 the case in such quantity as to make the fronds wet. the case lichts may 

 be opened a little, so as' to cause the dissipation of such accumulated 

 moisture, and should be closed so soon as the glass becomes dry. 



ViN-K AND ViKE-noRt>ERS. — " G. H." wlshes to say that his letter was in 

 our handrt before Mr. Thomson's reply was published. 



Makino Mosnnooii-REDS (.Vemctiji).— We have given so full directions 

 as to making Mushroom-beds lately under diflfereut circumstances, that 

 wo must refer you to previous numbers ; but if you will tell us where you 

 intend making voiir bed. in-doors or out of doors, in a shed or heated 

 house, and tho "materials at your command, we will tell you in a few 

 sentences how to make the most of your circumstances. Without a know- 

 ledge of these, we might write a long article and not meet your case, and 

 only weary other readers who do not like loo much of one subject. You 

 can have a neat orchard-house against a wall 8 feet high, but if you conld 

 make it a foot or two higher at back and have tho ventilators there it 

 would bo better, then your lean-to might be 11 feet wide and -1 feet ia 

 front. You cannot do much in forwarding fruit in an unheated house, 

 so as to obtain tho high price yon name. To do so you would require to 

 heat it. For specific directions send for "Greenhouses for tho Many," 

 from our otHce. which you can have for seven postage stamps. 



Repotting Pear Trees {C. M. Major).— Yonr Pear trees in 11-inch 

 pots, and requiring potting, cannot be potted too soon, pressing the soil 

 tirmlv round a pot of the next larger size, and pluuffing it so as to get the 

 roots' in the new soil early. Go on as Mr. Rivers advises with priming. 

 If the spurs are too close together, then thin. We have done this just as 

 soon as the fruit sets thickly. 



Hot-water SrrpLV Cistern* (J. F. r.l.— Yon must have n supply- 

 cistern somewhere, but most likely the firms referred to will have the 

 supply-cistern near tbo boiler, and then you will need no snpply-cistem 

 at the farther end of vonr pipes, but it will bo advisable to have a small 

 ftir-pipo fastened on there, which, if open, should be 2 or 3 feet higher 

 than the supply-cistern, and may as well be out of tho house. 



Waterproof Coverino (Our of Limitfd .>frnnt^— Wo cannot give yon 

 the exact price of such waterproof material as was referred to in " Doings 

 of the Last Week." Some years ago very good waterproofed calico for snch 

 purposes was sold by Mr. Richardson, of tho New Road, at a slight ad- 

 vance on the common unbleached calico, and several times recently tho 

 receipt has been given to make such material waterproof by boiled oil, a 

 littlo beeswax, and driers. Stout cloth can easily be made waterproof in 

 summer by a mixture of tar and oil, but it could aot be dried now. We 



