462 



JOURNAL OF EORTICULTUKE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 



[ Dccemb&r 19, 1867. 



early in May, covered the surface with horse droppinf;?. and on them 

 placed a slight covering of reeds. This has answered well. All the 

 shutters are opened before 7 a.m., to get rid of damp, a few are 

 closed at 10 a.m., and the remainder at 4 r.M., to retain heat. The 

 syringe is well used till the Vines are in bloom, and aftei-wards as re- 

 quired, till the Grapes begin to colour. I never allow the leaves of 

 my pyramidal Vines to touch the glass, as they are apt to scorch, and 

 besides that, they heep out the light and sun heat.' 



" I have only to add to this very satisfactory description, that the 

 house is 30 feet by 14, and contains nearly forty Vines at 3 feet apart. 



" It is the custom here to syringe the Vines once a-day about 6 p.m. 

 and in hot weather to sprinkle the paths once or twice a-day. This 

 practice keejis down red spider. 



*' The 14-feet-wide span-roofed orchard-house (see page 17), seems 

 to me the most eligible aud agi-eeable of all for a vineyard under 

 glass. It should stand endwise, north-east and soutli-west, so that 

 the sun may shine all the morning on the south-east side, down the 

 middle about one o'clock, and on the north-west side all the after- 

 noon,' 



GARDENERS' EXAMINATIONS. 



The results of the various examinations open to gardeners 

 are now recorded for the past year. The most successful can- 

 didate is Kobert C. Kingston, of the Eoyal Botanic Gardens, 

 Kew, son of Mr. Kingston, gardener to Christopher Sykes, Esci., 

 M.P., Brantingham Thorpe, Yorkshire. 



At the Koyal Horticultural Society's examination held at 

 South Kensington in December, ISGii, after two days' e;:amina- 

 tion in theoretical and practical gardening, he was awarded 

 the highest honour — a first-class diploma, and made an Asso- 

 ciate of the Society. At the Society of Arts examination held 

 last April he was awarded the following prizes and certificates 

 — viz.. Botany — first-class certificate, with Society of Arts' first 

 prize of £3 ; also the Koyal Horticultural Society's first prize 

 of £5. Floriculture — first-class certificate, with Society of 

 Arts' first prize of £5 ; also the Koyal Horticultural Society's 

 first prize of £5. Fruit and Vegetable Culture— second-class 

 certificate. Book-keeping — second-class certificate, with the 

 first prize of £3 specially given by the proprietors of the Gar- 

 deners' Cltronielc to the gardener obtaining the greatest number 

 of marks in practical gardening, coupled with mensui-ation or 

 book-keeping. 



At the examination of the Science and -4.rts Department of 

 the Committee of Council on Education held last May, the 

 result of which has recently been issued, in Vegetable Physio- 

 logy and Economic Botany he was awarded a first-class certifi- 

 cate and a silver medal ; in Systematic Botany a first-class 

 certificate, with a silver medal ; also as Queen's medalist he was 

 registered a certificated science teacher on these subjects, and 

 presented with a microscope as a prize. 



ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



The December meeting of this Society was held on the 2ud iust.. 

 Sir John Lubbock, Bart., F.Pi.S., President, in the chair. Amongst 

 the donations received by the Society since the last meeting, was a 

 beautiful pbotogi-aph of a portrait of the celebrated entomological 

 anatomist Lyounet. Messrs. W. C. Boyd, H. Druce, H. H. HaUday, 

 and J. Ince were elected members of the Society. 



Mr. Pascoe exhibited a Sumatran species of Thysia (a sub-genus of 

 Lamian Longicom Coleopteral, which he proposed to name T. viduata, 

 and 2)ointed out that the T. tricincta of Laporte was distinct from the 

 India T. WaUichii of Hope. Specimens of the three supposed species 

 were exhibited, which appeared to us rather to be local variations of 

 one species. Hfe also exhibited a box of new and very interesting 

 Coleoptera from Lake N'gami, Ceylon, Sumatra, and Peuang, belong- 

 ing to different famiUes, of which he read the descriptions. 



Professor Westwood exhibited the unique British specimen of Ser- 

 ropalpus striatus, taken some years ago by Mr. Plant at Leicester ; 

 also the small globose mud nest of Eumenes coarctata (.\tricomis, 

 Curtis), which had been found near Keigate in .Tuly, 1800. attached 

 to a twig of the common Ling. The interior was lined with white 

 silk, evidently the cocoon spun hy the larva previous to assuming the 

 pupa state. The perfect Wasji had died in endeavouring to effect its 

 escape through a small hole it had made in the nest. This rare 

 species is the only British representative of Eumenes, a very numerous 

 genns of soUtary Wasps. Mr. F. Smith stated that he bad occasion- 

 ally found the nest in the neighbourhood of Weybridge, and in the 

 New Forest, &c. He also exhibited a small block of Willow from 

 Mitcham, in which within a very small space not fewer than ten 

 bniTows had been formed by the Leaf-cutter Bee (MegacbUe Wil- 

 loughbiella), each buiTow containing numerous cells. He had ob- 

 served that occasionally these cells, which are of the size of a lady's 

 thimble, are not uniformly composed of a single kind of leaf, but that 

 whilst the oatcr layers of the case were of green Rose leaves, the inner 



ones were sometimes composed of the petals of Geranium, wild Poppy, 

 aud Ceutaurea. 



Professor Westwood stated that some years ago one of the patients 

 at the Hanwell Asylum biid forwarded to him a small boot, in which 

 he had preserved and gummed do^vu the leaves of many different kinds 

 of ])lants which he had found in the garden of the Asylnm to have 

 been attacked by the Leaf-cutter Bee. 



Mr. Trimen read a paper " On some I'udescribed Species of South 

 African Butterflies," including a new genus of Lyctenidw, to which 

 he applied the name of Delonura, and which he considered as most 

 nearly aUied to the New World genus Enmenia. One of the most 

 interesting of the new species described was a l^apilio, the male of 

 which resembles the well-knoYvn Papilio Poisduvallianus, whilst the 

 female closely resembles the Danais Euchcria. He also suggested 

 that the common P. Merope of Cramer, of which he stated that males 

 only have hitherto been taken in Africa, is no other than the male 

 of Papilio Ceneus. whicli m its varieties resembles no less than three 

 distinct species of Dauais, although it was admitted that in Madagas- 

 car the female of P. Merope precisely resembles the male, thus pre- 

 senting a singular instance of compound dimorphism in the female 

 sex. These observations led to considerable discu.^sion amongst the 

 members present. 



NOTES AND GLEANINGS. 



The RoT.iL Hoeticultukal Society's arrangements for 

 next year have just been completed as follow — viz., Show of 

 Hyacinths and Spring Flowers, March 11th ; Roses and Spring 

 Flowers, April ISth; Early Azaleas and Spring Flowers, May 

 9th ; Great Show, 2nd to 5th of .June ; Special Prize and Pelar- 

 gonium Show, June IGth and 17th; Rose Show, 30th of June; 

 Great Provincial Show to be held at Leicester in conjunction 

 with the Koyal Agricultural Society, July Kith to 21st. The 

 Tuesday Meetings and Shows of New and Rare Plants take place 

 on January 21st, February 18th, November 17th, December 15tb, 

 aud on the first and third Tuesdays in each mouth from March 

 to October inclusive. 



The Royal Botanic Society of London has just pub- 

 lished its exhibition arrangements for the ensuing year, which 

 are as follow : — There is to be an Exhibition of Spring Flowers, 

 commencing March 21st and closing on the 28th of the same 

 mouth ; and the great summer Shows are each to last two 

 days, the first Show commencing May 27th ; the second, June 

 17th ; and the third on July 1st. In addition there will be the 

 usual Exhibition of Rhododendrons, &e., which is to continue 

 during the first fortnight in June. 



Those who had the opportunity of seeing the large 



conservatory in the Janlin rexervc of the Great Exhibition at 

 Paris will regret to hear that it was completely destroyed this 

 day fortnight (Dec. 5th), by a hurricane, which levelled it with 

 the ground. The loss to the owner will amount to 140,000 francs, 

 or £5600. 'What is, perhaps, as much to be deplored as any- 

 thing connected with the catastrophe is that all the beautiful 

 specimens of Palms, which were at the time in the conserva- 

 tory, are also utterly destroyed. 



We have to record the death of Dr. C. G. B. Dadbeny, 



Professor of Chemistry, Botany, and Rural Economy, at Oxford. 

 Dr. Daubeny was born in 1795, at Strattcn, near Cirencester, 

 in Gloucestershire, of which parish his father, an eminent 

 divine, afterwards Archdeacon of Sarum, was then rector. 

 Educated for the medical profession, he practised for several 

 years at Oxford, but relinquished it in 1829, when he devoted 

 himself exclusively to scientific studies. Dr. Daubeny has 

 occupied the post of Professor of Botany within the University 

 since the year 1834. This appointment is in the gift of the 

 Royal College of Physicians, having been founded and endowed 

 by the eminent Dr. Sherard, some time a Fellow of St. John's 

 College, to which the late Dr. Sibthorp added a Professor- 

 ship of Rural Economy, which was also held by Dr. Daubeny. 

 His reputation a;i a scholar and as a promoter of philosophy 

 is worldwide, and his fame in literary and scientific circles 

 extends beyond the limits of his own country. He was edu- 

 cated at Winchester under the famous Gutch ; and when he 

 made his selection for Oxford he preferred the peaceable 

 groves of Magdalen, to the classic Wykehamical cloisters of 

 New College, for he entered as a demy at the former college 

 at the early age of eighteen, giving certain evidence of his 

 proficiency as a scholar by obtaining the Chancellor prize for 

 the Latin Essay, in 1815. He took the degree of B.A., June 

 1st, 1S14; that of M.A., March 5th, 1817; immediately after 

 which he diligently prosecuted the study of medicine, proceed- 

 ing to the first degree in that faculty in 1818, and to the degree 

 of Doctor in Medicine, January 15th, 1821. Pie was an un- 



