February, '13] HERRICK: DOMESTIC FOWL PARASITES 81 



the previous j^ear recorded, in order to draw conclusions from our 

 spraying. 



Mr. G. W. Herrick: In this case we do not know definitely except 

 that the crop during the previous year w^as a failure. 



A Member: May I ask if this ground was heavy clay? 



Mr. G. W. Herrick: It was clay soil mixed with gravel and quite 

 stony, 



A Member: It has been mj experience that cherries are not in- 

 fested so much on clay soil. 



Mr. G. W. Herrick: There are a good many cherry trees not far 

 from this orchard, but the latter are rather isolated. The fly does 

 not seem to travel very far. The feeding habits of this species are 

 practically the same as those of the house-fly as given in Dr. Howard's 

 book on this subject. The flies are constantly sucking from the fruit 

 which shows the manner in which they get their food from the fruit 

 and leaves. 



SOME EXTERNAL INSECT PARASITES OF DOMESTIC 



FOWLS 



Glexx W. Herrick 



Domestic fowls, especially the hen, constitute one of the most im- 

 portant sources of food supplies in America. It is amazing to find 

 that during 1911 the value of poultry in the United States reached a 

 total of $154,663,220 and the value of the eggs produced in the same 

 year in New York State alone amounted to the astonishing sum of 

 17,102,000 dollars. It is evident that poultry occupies an important 

 place in the life economies of the American people and any pests inju- 

 riously affecting domestic fowls are worthy of careful consideration. 

 The study of the external parasites of domestic fowls has extended 

 over several years with many interruptions and delays. It has been 

 difficult to collect the different species infesting fowls and even yet 

 we have not been able to obtain all the species that I feel surely exist 

 in the United States. 



According to the different authorities on Mallophaga there are at 

 least eight species infesting the hen, four or five the goose, three or four 

 the turkey, four the duck, four the pea fowl, three the guinea hen, and 

 seven the pigeon. 



In addition to the Mallophaga we find that there are in this country 

 at least eighteen species of mites parasitic on the domestic fowl, two 

 species of fleas, one fowl-bug, one tick, and possibly one fly. 



Among these parasites the Mallophaga hold the most interest for 

 the author. Some of the most interesting questions of development, 



