166 JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY [Vol. 6 



There were four things to be treated in this orchard: codling moth, 

 curculio, blotch and bitter-rot. . > 



When the petals were a little more than half fallen a spray was 

 applied for codling moth. The earliest blooming varieties, Duchess 

 of Oldenburg and Transparent were treated first and so on down the 

 line. Each tree was sprayed at the right time, and sprayed as if it 

 were not intended to be sprayed again. A little more than six gallons 

 of spray were applied to each tree, leaving it dripping. The solution 

 used was lime-sulphur and lead arsenate. It was applied with a drive 

 spray nozzle with a pressure of from 180 to 280 pounds. The spray 

 tank held 200 gallons and could be sprayed out in fifty minutes, 

 but the difficulties of obtaining water made the job of spraying last 

 a, week. 



About ten days later the trees were sprayed again, this time with 

 a mist spray nozzle. The Missouri Pippins, Bens and Ganos were 

 sprayed with Bordeaux and arsenate of lead, the other varieties with 

 lime-sulphur and arsenate of lead. 



The first of July the Pippins, Bens and Ganos were again sprayed 

 with Bordeaux and arsenate of lead. 



Within a radius of a half mile of the experimental orchard there 

 were two or three unsprayed orchards and on the north end of the 

 experimental orchard a block of trees was left unsprayed as check." 



Certain average trees in the unsprayed orchards and in the experi- 

 mental block were tagged while in bloom and counts made of all 

 drops throughout the season, together with a tabulated report of the 

 ailments of each drop. In all 81,457 apples were counted, tabulated 

 and the results placed on a large chart. From this chart the tables 

 herewith presented were made. 



The Missouri Pippins, Bens and Ganos were given two sprayings 

 with Bordeaux to control the blotch and bitter-rot of which there had 

 been a heavy infestation in the past. As a result, there was no blotch 

 whatever on the Ganos and Bens, and probably not over a score of 

 apples affected with it on the twenty-eight Pippin trees, — a fact that 

 it was difficult for us to believe. In a neighboring orchard, where a 

 number of sprays had been but poorly applied, the blotch made un- 

 marketable nearly every apple of the blotch susceptible varieties, 

 namely, the Pippin, Winter Banana, Maidenblush, Lady-sweet, and 

 several others. 



The relation of the spraying to crop production is shown in chart 

 number 1. Here there is recorded an historical summary of all fruit 

 set. It may be noted that the drop in May was very large. This was* 

 what we have chosen to call the thinning drop. It was not possible to 

 find any reason for most of these drops. In July there were many 



