290 .lOUWNAr, OV EC'OXOMK' DN TOMc >I.( »( lY (Vol. t> 



Report of a Trip to India and the Orient in Search of the Natural 

 Enemies of the Citrus White Fly, l)y U. s. WotiMM. r. s. Dei)'). Aki-Ic., 

 Bur. Knt., lUil. IJO, p)). 1-58. Iitl3. 



Tliis is an oxcoiHliuKlj' intciTsting account of a trip in .■search of tli(> p.irasitc.s and 

 ])rcdaccou,s ciicinics of the citrus wliitc lly. 'I'lic author visited Iiuha, Jiurina, Java, 

 soutlicni C^liina and the Phihp])inc Ishinds. lie found the parasites in India and 

 gives in lUl.iil tlie methods adoi)ted. \'inorous phmts were newly infested with the 

 host insect and jilaced where parasites and natural en(>inies would have ready access. 

 At the proper time these were shii)ped in char{j;e of th(> invest i}j;ator, and both the 

 parasites tuxd predaceous «>neinies arrived safely in this country. Unfortunatelj', 

 conditions in I'Morida were such that none survived. We fully a|i;n>e with the author 

 that two men should he sent on such an under! akinn and provision made for at least 

 two and, in some instances, we woiild prefer a series of shipments, since it is easy to 

 see llial the material obtained in the first, second or even tliinl mi)j;ht succumb in 

 transit or even some W(>eks after arrival. 



'riic writer, in addilion to the account relating to the findinji; of natural enemies, 

 gives oi)s(\rvali(ins u])on the occurrence and habits of Ahijroilv.s citri in India, oom- 

 l)arini: thi-m with condititms obtaining in Florida. A series of appendices contain 

 notes on Citrus fruits in India, insect i>ests of Citrus trees seen in various foreign 

 (HHUitries, observations on Coccida' and their natural enenues in Spain, Italy, Sicily 

 and India, and a brief reference to IIh> woik undertaken incidcMlally in fumigating 

 Citrus trees in Spain. 



This bulletin is a contrii>ution to knowledge along the broader lines of economic 

 entomology and is an illustration of the cosmoiH)litan character of the work. We need, 

 in tliis country, everything tiial can be ohiaincd in tlic wa>- of promising parasites 

 or other natural enemies and at tlie same lime we stand ready to demonstrate the' 

 efficacy of American measures in controlling ins(>cls l)y artificial means. The former 

 is a logical though rarely entirely ellicient method, while the latter is essential in 

 correcting more or less temporary fluctuations in tiie munbers of injurious insects. 

 It is to be hoped that the Federal government will continue work of this character 

 and at the same time m.aintain, as has obtained in the past, a conservative attitude 

 as to the benefits, immediate^ or potential, likely to residt. 



Red Spiders and Mites of Citrus Trees, liy II. .T. (,)lavli:, Cal. Agric. 



Kxp't Sta. i5ul. 'JiU, PI). iSo .mO. 11)12. 



The autiior i)laces red spiders and mites next to scale ins(M'ls as the most im])ortant 

 enemies of citrus trees in California. The more injurious of tlu>se forms is the citrus 

 red spider [Tclnini/chus iiti/lilaspiilis) which is noticed in detail, the life history being 

 given anil various stages ilescribed. The six-spot tcvl mite {T. ncxmactilaius) and 

 the silver or rust mite {Eriopliyes olcivonis) are both fully discussed. The familiar 

 clover mite {Bryobia pratensis) of the cast is better known in California as the al- 

 mond mite, since it is more injvuuous to this than to any other fruit tree. The author 

 states that the red spiders anil nutes live and breed only on the trees. Each female 

 may produce about 30 eggs and there may be from 12 to 15 generations annually, 

 the pests usually beiiig most abundant during May and June. The chapter on 

 natin-al enemies is particularly full and ("specially valuable because the biology of a 

 ninnber of forms are given for the first tim(> and there is an attempt to estimate the 

 value of these species as natural checks. The author advises the application of dry 

 sulfur and hydrated lime or the connnercial lime-sulfur spray for the control of these 

 pests. The bulletin is i)rinted on excellent paper and most of the illustrations come 

 out v(>rv well. 



