374 JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY [Vol. 6 



notes on their habits. Often found in alimentary canal and sometimes in urinary 

 tract. References to literature. 



Knab, Frederick. The habits of flies of the genus Cordylobia, parasitic on man 

 in Africa. Sci. N. S. XXXV, April 26, 1912. p. 662 Review of an article by Rou- 

 baud in Compt. Rendus Hebdom. des Seances de I'Acad. des Sci. October 23, 1911. 

 The larvse of C. anthropophaga found under skin of man and domestic animals, larviB 

 hatch in sand or elsewhere and later penetrate their host. Natives who sleep on 

 the ground more apt to be infected. Another observation by von Pelser-Berensberg 

 (Soc. Entomol. Vol. 26, p. 34, July 29, 1911) on C. rodhaini showed that these flies 

 laid their eggs on his underclothing while he was bathing. The larva? hatched and 

 penetrated the skin. 



Singleton. Dermatobia noxialis infection in man. Jour. Amer. Med. Assn. 

 April 27, 1912. A larva called ver macaque occurring under skin of a man. 



Pellagra 



Forbes, Stephen A. On black flies and buffalo-gnats {Simvlium) as possible 

 carriers of pellagra in Illinois. 27th. Rep. Sta. Entom. of 111., pp. 21-52. (1912.) 

 Habits and life histor}' of the group; description of Illinois species, possible relation 

 to pellagra; no definite data. 



Garman, H. a preliminary study of Kentucky localities in which pellagra is 

 prevalent. Kentucky Agric. Ex. Sta. Bull. 159, January, 1912. The following facts 

 were observed which indicate that the disease might be insect-borne; eruptions in 

 the cases noted, fii'st appeared on the hands, arms, neck or legs, portions of the body 

 exposed to insect bites. The disease becomes most prevalent just after Simulium 

 appear in greatest numbers. It often attacks children who go bare-footed and 

 bare-legged and who wash in streams. List of insects and other animals studied. 

 A summary of Dr. Sambon's findings. 



Hunter, S. J. Sand-fly and pellagra. Jour. Amer. Med. Assn. LVIII, February 

 24, 1912. Discusses theories as to cause, particularlj' Sambon's theory and records 

 experiments, not yet completed, to test this theory. 



Hunter, S. J. Pellagra and the sand-fly, II. Jour. Econ. Ent. Vol. 6 No. 1, 

 February, 1913, pp. 96-101. Notes on the distribution and life history of these 

 flies in Kansas. Investigators have not been able to inoculate monkeys with this 

 disease. Some of their findings seem to favor Sambon's theory, but anything like 

 definite proof is still lacking. 



Lavinder, C. H. A report of the second triennial meeting for the study of 

 pellagra, held at Columbia, S. C. October 3^, 1912. Pub. Health Rpts. Vol. 27, 

 No. 44, November 1, 1912, pp. 1776-1778. Notes on papers presented. In one of 

 these Jennings and King suggested that Stomoxys may po,'-:sibly act as a carrier. 



NiCHOLLS, Lucius. Pellagra: "Sand-fly Protozoon" versus "maize "theory. 

 Jour. Trop. ]Med. & Hyg. Vol. 15, No. 20, October 15, 1912. pp. 305-306. Author 

 not an ardent supporter of either the maize or Sambon's theory of infection. 



Ormsby, Oliver S. (Med. Secty. 111. Pellagra Comm.) Jour. Cutaneous Dis. 

 Vol. 30, No. 10, October, 1912, pp. 589-607. Believe that the disease is due to infec- 

 tion with some living micro-organism, possibly in the alimentary canal of man. They 

 found but little to support Sambon's theory. 



Ravitch, M. L. a plea for an earlier diagnosis of pellagra. Jour. Amer. Med. 

 Assn. Vol. LIX, July, 6, 1912, pp. 33-35. Discusses causes and transmitting agents. 

 Believes that corn theory is most plausible. Does not believe that Sambon's theory 

 in regard to the sand-fly or that Carman's theory in regard to the buffalo-gnat can 

 be proved. 



