432 JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY [Vol. 6 



cardinalis, and that, on the contrary, this method is, in most cases, connected with 

 great difficulties. What enormous amount of the most serious scientific work on 

 the part of the investigators to place the introduction of the parasites of the Gypsy 

 moth on a sure basis! It is only when the life-histories of the parasites in all 

 their peculiarities are fully studied and when their mode of attacking and the degree of 

 attack on the host have been exactly ascertained — only then the practical utilization of 

 parasites can be thought of. This is the 'Axio7n' of the biologic warfare which today 

 is strictly adhered to by Howard and his school. 



"If there were many errors committed at first, and if many costly experiments 

 were failures — this is only natural. Through Error to Victory! Most of our modem 

 roads do not lead to their destination in a straight line, and frequently it is through 

 failures that we advance the farthest! [P. 1.31.] We should rejoice that the Ameri- 

 cans have gone through the most difficult part of thi.s road, and we should now not 

 longer hesitate to join them and, for the benefit of forestry and agriculture, to follow 

 them, shoulder to shoulder, on the road which they have conqtiered after such a hard 

 struggle. For it can not be doubted that the biologic method has still a promising 

 future and that it will occupy a constantly broadening part in the warfare against 

 insect pests." 



The author gives an excellent historical summary of the development of applied 

 entomology in this covmtry, taking the work of the Federal Bureau of Entomology 

 as a criterion and discussing activities of other entomologists wherever necessary 

 to round out the accoimt, and finds much to commend. The illustrations are mostly 

 from the publications of the Bureau of Entomology. The author was so deeply im- 

 pressed with the soundness of our methods that he advocates for Germany a similar 

 system with some modifications and has taken preliminary steps for the forma- 

 tion of an Association of Economic Entomologists similar to that in this country. 



Current Notes 



Conducted by the Associate Editor 



Mr. A. B. Shaw has resigned as assistant in entomology at the California University 

 and Station. 



The appropriations to the Ohio Station for 1913, made by the legislature, include 

 $8,000 for entomology. 



Mrs. Anna Botsford Comstock has recently been appointed assistant professor of 

 entomology and nature study in Cornell University. 



Mr. H. L. Viereck was with the Minnesota State Entomologist during August and 

 September. 



At the California University and Station, G. A. Coleman, E. C. Van Dyke and 

 L. J. Nickels have been appointed instructors, and R. E. Campbell as assistant in 

 entomology. 



Mr. Charles W. Howard was promoted from insti-uctor to assistant professor of 

 entomology, University of Minnesota, by the Board of Regents, at the June meeting. 



Mr. Harry Pinkus, an agent of the Bureau of Entomology' and an associate member 

 of this Association, died, August 27, at Dallas, Texas. 



At the Ohio State University a new biological building is being erected. It will 

 house the departments of zoology and botany and will be provided with greenhouses 

 and an insectary. 



Professor J. S. Kingsley, for twenty-one years professor of zoology in Tufts College, 



