324 JOURNAL OP ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY [Vol. 3 



misleading to one not on the inside. We all know how binding are the 

 conditions which have led us into this practice and I cannot say that 

 I am yet quite ready to take a step which shall make North Carolina 

 appear different from all her neighboring states, for such a step 

 could, and probably would, be seized upon by some nurseries in 

 other states and used to our disadvantage, when those very nurseries 

 would likely be no better, and perhaps worse, than our own home 

 nurseries. 



Now" the essential point of our present system which I object to is 

 this: — - We give certificates which are so worded as to plainly imply 

 that the nurseries are "free, or apparently free," from the San Jose 

 Scale, and we issue these certificates after scale has been found in the 

 nursery', we issue them to nurseries where it has been found with 

 more or less regularity for years past, where we know the scale is 

 well established, and where we are reasonably sure that it will be found 

 in the future. We fully recognize the fact, and freely admit it 

 among ourselves, that it is not practicable, nor would it be just to 

 bar a well-established nursery from trade, when it has won a large 

 number of loyal customers many of whom would rather take the 

 stock of that nursery even without certificate and taking the chance 

 of scale, rather than to deal with someone else. Then again, there 

 is the complication that much of the stock is really sold through 

 agents or advance orders, long before the nursery is inspected. 



But perhaps the most irritating fact of all is that if one of us, in 

 the zeal of clearing his conscience and of trying to make the deed 

 square with the word, were to actually knock out every nursery in 

 his state which was found to have San Jose Scale, — that state might 

 at once become a most profitable field for exploitation by nurseries 

 in other states who were in the possession of certificates that they were 

 "apparently free" and which as a matter of fact might be, and very 

 likely would be, in worse condition than the nurseries that were put 



tion is trying, througli education, to bring about the production of better 

 fruit. At present the horticulturist does not have many requests for con- 

 sultation, but the number is increasing and no doubt in a short time he will 

 have far more than he can attend to. 



Kansas is a large state and although the eastern and central portions will 

 produce excellent fruit-bearing trees and shrubs, many parts of the west will 

 grow orchards only under irrigation. 



In Kansas the fruit institute movement has just made a beginning. The 

 Farmer's Institute, of which the fruit institute is just one phase, is organ- 

 ized and looked after by a special agent known as the Superintendent of 

 Farmer's Institutes. This official has his office at the agx'icultural college 

 and his work has met with such keen appreciation that the last Legislature 

 voted $50,000 to carry it forward. 



