386 JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY [Vol. 3 



long nozzles and a solid stream being marked features. The state forester 

 calls attention to the advisability of experimental work for the purpose of 

 increasing the efficiency of spraying operations. A certain amount of money, 

 at least, might well be expended for this purpose. An appropriation for 

 work against the elm leaf beetle in conjunction with spraying for the gypsy 

 moth is recommended. The financial statement shows that nearly $300,000 

 were expended by the state for control work. It is stated that extended 

 spraying for a series of years has not resulted in any injuries to vegeta- 

 tion by the poison. The fungous diseases of both the gypsy and brown-tail 

 moths have continued to receive attention. The work with parasites as 

 outlined by Doctor Howard and Mr. Fiske shows that gratifying progress 

 has been made. Every economic entomologist will watch this important 

 phase of the work with the greatest interest. 



Parasites of the Gypsy and Brown-Tail Moths Introduced into 

 Massachusetts, by W. F. Fiske, Agent and Expert, Bureau of Ento- 

 mology, U. S. Department of Agriculture, pp. 1-56, 1910. 



This is a well written, comprehensive popular bulletin, giving an excel- 

 lent summary of the work with parasites. The author discusses the nature 

 of insect parasitism, the natural control of the gypsy moth, parasite introduc- 

 tion in theory and practice, the sequence of parasites and the parasites of 

 the gypsy moth in both Japan and America. There are summarized accounts 

 of some of the more important introduced species, giving valuable biological 

 data in regard to each. The author rightfully emphasizes the value of obtain- 

 ing an adequate sequence of parasites so as to provide enemies of these 

 two species in their various stages. Admirable tables are given showing the 

 sequence of the various species. There is an excellent discussion of the 

 multiplication and distribution of parasites. The practical man is naturally 

 much interested in knowing when these parasites will become of service. 

 With all the factors in mind, the author has given us in this publication a 

 summarized statement as to the probable dates when various forms will 

 become effective. This table shows that this may be expected of two of the 

 introduced species in 1911, four in 1912, one the following year, another the 

 next and three in 191G. This investigation with parasites is one of the most 

 important phases of the gj'psy moth work and should be supported most lib- 

 erally, since we must ultimately depend in large measure upon some form of 

 natural control. 



Spraying for the Codling Moth, Eastern and Western Methods 

 Compared (A preliminary report) by W. E. Rumsey, W. Va. Agrie. 

 Expt. Sta. Bui. 127 : 127-140. 



This brief bulletin, printed on good paper and excellently illustrated, gives 

 some very convincing data as to the efficacy of spraying for the codling moth. 

 There is a comparison between the western method of spraying with one appli- 

 cation of a coarse spray and high pressure, and the eastern method of four 

 treatments giving a mist spray at medium pressure. The percentages are 

 practically parallel. We regret, in view of our results obtained last year, 

 that the author was unable to make a comparison between one and more appli- 

 cations of a mist spray at medium pressure, since our work showed very lit- 



