392 JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY ' [Vol. 3 



The observations made failed to show that Tachinid parasites played 

 any important part in checking Heterocampa. A single caterpillar 

 was found in 1909 which contained a large number of small maggots 

 of an unknown species. This is the only instance where Tachinid 

 parasitism was noted. Owing to the careful examination of a con- 

 siderable area of leaves and soil it is inconceivable that the puparia of 

 parasitic flies could have been overlooked if they had occurred in any 

 great abundance. 



Hymenopterous parasites on the immature caterpillars appeared to 

 be lacking, or nearly so. None were found directly associated with 

 Heterocampa, but cocoons of Limnerium similar to, and perhaps the 

 same as the species which has been determined as Limnerium clisio- 

 campce Ashmead, were found in small numbers on abundantly 

 infested trees in 1909. Pimpla pedalis and Ichneumon sp. were suf- 

 ficiently abundant as parasites on pupae in 1909 to cause considerable 

 mortality, but since the pupse were particularly hable to destruction 

 by the larvae of Calosoma, the parasites in turn suffered to a great 

 extent and their utiHty was materially reduced. 



The same scarcity of Heterocampa which obtained in New 

 Hampshire this summer was also noted in Maine. During 1909 this 

 insect was abundant to a greater or less extent throughout south- 

 western Maine. Practically all of the towns west of Boothbay, 

 Augusta, Winslow, Clinton, Skowhegan and south of Madison, Stark, 

 Farmington, and Bethel were infested to a greater or less extent and 

 in many sections large areas were completely defohated. 



On August 13 Mr. Burgess visited a number of towns in the south- 

 western part of the state, but not a single larva of Heterocampa was 

 seen and although diligent inquiry was made of many persons who 

 travel to a greater or less extent over the territory which was infested 

 the previous year, not a single instance could be found to indicate that 

 Heterocampa was at all abundant or that any trees had been stripped 

 by it this summer. In company with Capt. E. E. Philbrook and Mr. 

 E. M. Sadler a visit was made to Mount Agamenticus, and during 

 this trip a region was passed through which had been defoliated by 

 Heterocampa in the summer of 1909. The trees showed no evidence 

 of feeding by this species, although some of the oaks had been eaten 

 by other caterpillars. Mr. A. M. G. Soule, one of the gypsy moth 

 inspectors of the Maine Department of Agriculture, stated that he 

 had seen a few Heterocampa larvae in the region near Mount Agamen- 

 ticus this summer, but not in sufficient numbers to do any damage or 

 cause defohation. He reported Calosoma frigidum as abundant last 

 year and as occurring in larger numbers this summer. 



A question which naturally arises is what has become of the large 



