402 JOUENAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY [Vol. 3 



This insect appears to attack a wide range of food plants aside 

 from the orange. Coquillett {loc. cit.) states that it occurs on apricot, 

 willow, oak (Quercus agrifolia), wild walnut, (Juglans californica) and 

 golden rod (Solidago calijornica). On July 24th specimens of larvae 

 were received from Mr. I. J. Condit of San Luis Obispo which were 

 attacking green house plants. Moths were reared from these and 

 submitted to Dr. L. O. Howard at Washington and were identified 

 by Mr. August Busck as Tortrix citrana Fernald. Mr. Condit states 

 that they have been infesting various green house plants for several 

 years, but have not spread out of doors except to some geraniums 

 close by, and to various plants in the lath house. The green house 

 plants listed are: "Wandering Jew, rose, seedling Acacias, seedHng 

 Eucalyptus, Asparagus sprengeri and A. plumosus, lavender, Jerusa- 

 lem cherry, Pentas, Cineraria, Lantana, Coix lachryma, Begonia and 

 ferns of various species. Pelargoniums were especially subject to 

 attack and the larvae seem to work into the tips and branches of 

 these plants similar to a borer. Commonly they work in folds of 

 leaves tied together by means of silk threads." 



The injury to oranges is due to the burrows made in the fruit and 

 usually these go no further than just through the rind. There is 

 considerable variation in the character of the burrows, both as regards 

 size and the depth they go into the fruit. Of course such fruit is 

 classed as culls, and the holes are frequently the source of infection 

 for decay following blue mold, navel end rot, and wither tip fungus. 

 The burrows in the fruit also cause it to drop prematurely, especially 

 if the fruit is still small, so that all of the injury chargeable to this 

 insect is not accounted for in the packing house alone. 



The eggs are laid on the leaves, either the upper or lower surface, 

 but more usually on the lower, and also on the fruit. They are laid 

 in masses of from 10 to 35, overlapping one another like shingles. An 

 individual egg is cream color, measures about .75 mm in diameter, 

 disc shaped, slightly convex on upper surface, and with a distinctly 

 marked hexagonal network discernable with hand lens. Two or 

 three of these masses may be laid by a single moth so that the total 

 number of eggs may vary from 25 or 30 to 70 or 80. At the end of 

 six days the two black eye spots of the developing larvae are visible 

 and iiatching occurs six days later. 



The young larvae are active and wriggle quickly aWay on being 

 disturbed. A considerable amount of web is spun and the portion of 

 the orange entered is sometimes covered with a thin network of silk. 

 Larvae in the insectary chose to enter the orange on the under side 

 where it was resting on the surface. One entered along side a cell 

 which had been attached by paraffin to the fruit. In the field the most 



