454 JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY [Vol. 3 



In the following examples two primary simple ectoparasites, not 

 always being of the same species, have successfully bred from a single 

 host. 



2 Bracon mellitor Say — 1 example. 



1 ? Catolaccus incerius Ashmead, 1 9 Cerambycobius cyaniceps Ashmead — 1 

 example. 



1 cf 1 9 Cernmhycobius cyaniceps Ashmead — 2 examples. 



2 Cerambyaiblua cyduiccps (from Lixus) — 1 example. 



2 9 Microdoniovicrus anthonomi Crawford — 1 example. 

 2 cf Microdontomerus anthonomi Crawford — 1 example. 



1 Glyptomorpha rugaior Say and 1 Cerambycobius cyaniceps Ashmead (from Lixus) 



— 1 example. 



An example is at hand of the breeding of two species of multiple 

 parasites from the same host: 



7 AphiochcBia fasciata Fallen, 2 Aphiochceta pygmcea Zetterstedt — 1 example. 



Combined simple ecto- and multiple endoparasitism is a most 

 peculiar phase of superparasitism. 



From Lixus scrohicollis parasite records we obtain the following 

 interesting records in this category; in each example all survive: 



Numerous Horismenus lixivorus Crawford and 1 Cerambycobius cyaniceps Ash- 

 mead — 2 examples. 



Numerous Horismenus lixivorus Crawford and 1 N eocatolaccus tylodermoe Ashmead 



— 1 example. 



Numerous Horismenus lixivorus Crawford and 1 Eurytoma tylodermatis Ashmead — 

 2 examples. 



8 Horismenus lixivorus Crawford and 1 unknown — 1 example. 



47 Horismenus lixivorus Crawford and 1 Cerambycobius cyaniceps Ashmead — 1 

 example. 



Cannibal superparasitism : It frequently occurs where parasitism 

 is high that the duplication known as superparasitism becomes a 

 normal phenomenon. The females of a given species may repeat ovi- 

 position in the same host which they have themselves formerly 

 attacked, or which another individual has attacked. With normally 

 solitary parasites superparasitism is then inevitable, and the second 

 comer usually devours the first. We have a record of a boll weevil 

 larva bearing a dead fully grown parasite larva, which bore a dead 

 half-grown larva, which in turn bore a minute living larva, and on 

 another part of the dead host was another minute larva which 

 would ultimately have a struggle with the first. The egg shells 

 present proved them all to be conspecific. 



In most cases of cannabalism both individuals die but we have the 

 following records in which one survived: 



2 Bracon mellitor Say, 1 9 survives — 1 example. 



2 cf Cerambycobius cyaniceps Ashm., 1 survives — 1 example. 

 2 Eurytoma tylodermatis Ashm., 1 9 survives — 1 example. 

 7 Eurytoma tyloderrnatis Ashm., 1 cf survives — 1 example. 



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